Dong Ren G, Wu John Z, Welcome Daniel E, McDowell Thomas W
Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, MS L-2027, WV 26505, USA.
Med Eng Phys. 2008 Jan;30(1):20-33. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2007.01.002. Epub 2007 Mar 6.
The grip force applied to a cylindrical handle is a function of the measurement reference axis. So far, however, no attempt has been made to fully describe the exact form of this function. The objectives of this study were to examine some fundamental characteristics of grip forces and to explore the basic pattern of the grip force function. Twenty subjects (10 males and 10 females) participated in the experiment. The subjects alternately used their left and right hands to apply maximum grip forces and medium grip forces (about 40% of maximum) to a 30 mm handle. A flexible pressure sensor mat was used to measure the grip pressure. The pressure was integrated with respect to different measurement axes; this resulted in the grip force function. This study found that every gripping action produces maximum and minimum force axes; these axes are separated by about 90 degrees . The maximum force is correlated with the minimum force, but the former is generally about 1.42 times the latter. The principal grip direction is about 78 degrees from the z(h)-axis of the hand biodynamic coordinate system defined in ISO 8727 [ISO 8727. Mechanical vibration and shock - human exposure - biodynamic coordinate systems. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization; 1997]. More interestingly, each of the 160 sets of experimental data reasonably fit this study's proposed elliptical model. The implications of the findings are discussed.
作用于圆柱形手柄的握力是测量参考轴的函数。然而，到目前为止，尚未有人尝试全面描述该函数的确切形式。本研究的目的是研究握力的一些基本特征，并探索握力函数的基本模式。20名受试者（10名男性和10名女性）参与了该实验。受试者交替使用左手和右手对一个30毫米的手柄施加最大握力和中等握力（约为最大握力的40%）。使用柔性压力传感器垫测量握力压力。压力相对于不同的测量轴进行积分；这就得到了握力函数。本研究发现，每次抓握动作都会产生最大力轴和最小力轴；这些轴相隔约90度。最大力与最小力相关，但前者通常约为后者的1.42倍。主要握力方向与ISO 8727 [ISO 8727. 机械振动与冲击——人体暴露——生物动力学坐标系。瑞士日内瓦：国际标准化组织；1997] 中定义的手部生物动力学坐标系的z(h)轴约成78度角。更有趣的是，160组实验数据中的每一组都合理地符合本研究提出的椭圆模型。文中讨论了这些发现的意义。
