Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Functional Imaging Laboratory, University College London, London, UK.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2006 Sep;1(2):95-106. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsl014.
Filmmakers have long recognized the importance of editing techniques to guide the audiences' perceptions and enhance the impact of a scene. We demonstrate behaviorally that pairing identical faces with either neutral or emotionally salient contextual movies, an editing technique referred to as the 'Kuleshov Effect', results in both altered attributions of facial expression and mental-state. Using functional neuroimaging (fMRI), we show that faces paired with emotional movies enhance BOLD responses in the bilateral temporal pole, anterior cingulate cortices, amygdala and bilateral superior temporal sulcus relative to identical faces juxtaposed with neutral movies. An interaction was observed in the right amygdala when subtle happy and fear faces were juxtaposed with positive and negative movies, respectively. An interaction between happy faces and negative context was also observed in bilateral amygdala suggesting that the amygdala may act to prime or tag affective value to faces. A parametric modulation of BOLD signal by attribution ratings indicated a dissociation between ventrolateral and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex for negative and positive contextually evoked attributions, respectively. These prefrontal regions may act to guide appropriate choices across altering contexts. Together, these findings offer a neurobiological basis for contextual framing effects on social attributions.
电影制作人早就认识到编辑技术对于引导观众的感知和增强场景效果的重要性。我们通过行为研究表明，将相同的面孔与中性或情感相关的电影配对（一种被称为“库里肖夫效应”的编辑技术）会导致对面孔表情和心理状态的归因发生改变。使用功能神经影像学（fMRI），我们发现，与中性电影相比，与情感电影配对的面孔会增强双侧颞极、前扣带皮层、杏仁核和双侧颞上回的 BOLD 反应。当微妙的快乐和恐惧面孔分别与积极和消极的电影并置时，在右侧杏仁核中观察到了相互作用。在双侧杏仁核中还观察到了快乐面孔与消极背景之间的相互作用，这表明杏仁核可能起到为面孔赋予情感价值的作用。通过归因评分的 BOLD 信号参数调制表明，在负面和正面的上下文诱发归因中，背外侧和腹内侧前额叶皮层之间存在分离。这些前额叶区域可能有助于在不断变化的情境中引导做出适当的选择。总之，这些发现为社会归因的上下文框架效应提供了神经生物学基础。
