Barroetaveña C, Cázares E, Rajchenberg M
Centro de Investigación Forestal CIEFAP, C.C. 14 (9200), Esquel, Chubut, Argentina.
Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
Mycorrhiza. 2007 Jul;17(5):355-373. doi: 10.1007/s00572-007-0121-x. Epub 2007 Mar 8.
The putative ectomycorrhizal fungal species registered from sporocarps associated with ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forests in their natural range distribution (i.e., western Canada, USA, and Mexico) and from plantations in south Argentina and other parts of the world are listed. One hundred and fifty seven taxa are reported for native ponderosa pine forests and 514 taxa for native Douglas-fir forests based on available literature and databases. A small group of genera comprises a high proportion of the species richness for native Douglas-fir (i.e., Cortinarius, Inocybe, and Russula), whereas in native ponderosa pine, the species richness is more evenly distributed among several genera. The comparison between ectomycorrhizal species richness associated with both trees in native forests and in Patagonia (Argentina) shows far fewer species in the latter, with 18 taxa for the ponderosa pine and 15 for the Douglas-fir. Epigeous species richness is clearly dominant in native Douglas-fir, whereas a more balanced relation epigeous/hypogeous richness is observed for native ponderosa pine; a similar trend was observed for Patagonian plantations. Most fungi in Patagonian Douglas-fir plantations have not been recorded in plantations elsewhere, except Suillus lakei and Thelephora terrestris, and only 56% of the fungal taxa recorded in Douglas-fir plantations around the world are known from native forests, the other taxa being new associations for this host, suggesting that new tree + ectomycorrhizal fungal taxa associations are favored in artificial situations as plantations.
列出了在其天然分布范围内(即加拿大西部、美国和墨西哥)与黄松和花旗松森林相关的子实体中登记的假定外生菌根真菌物种,以及来自阿根廷南部和世界其他地区种植园的此类物种。根据现有文献和数据库,原生黄松森林报道了157个分类单元,原生花旗松森林报道了514个分类单元。一小部分属占原生花旗松物种丰富度的很大比例(即丝膜菌属、丝盖伞属和红菇属),而在原生黄松中,物种丰富度在几个属之间分布更为均匀。原生森林和巴塔哥尼亚(阿根廷)两种树木相关的外生菌根物种丰富度比较显示,后者的物种要少得多,黄松有18个分类单元,花旗松有15个分类单元。在原生花旗松中,地上物种丰富度明显占主导地位,而原生黄松地上/地下丰富度关系更为平衡;在巴塔哥尼亚种植园中也观察到类似趋势。除了莱氏乳牛肝菌和地生革菌外,巴塔哥尼亚花旗松种植园中大多数真菌在其他地方的种植园中未被记录,世界范围内花旗松种植园中记录的真菌分类单元只有56%在原生森林中已知,其他分类单元是该寄主的新组合,这表明在人工种植等情况下有利于形成新的树木+外生菌根真菌分类单元组合。