Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India.
Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 3;12(1):13321. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17073-7.
Over the past few decades, many countries have attempted to carry out forest landscape restoration over millions of hectares of degraded land. Such efforts, however, have met with limited success because of several factors, including a lack of adequate emphasis on ectomycorrhization of the nursery seedlings. A similar scenario is seen in the Kashmir Himalaya, where the natural regeneration of degraded forests is poor despite ample restoration efforts by forest managers. To overcome this challenge, we identified two promising ectomycorrhizal species, namely Clitocybe nuda and Cortinarius distans, for their use in ectomycorrhization of seedlings of three common conifers, namely Abies pindrow, Cedrus deodara, and Picea smithiana. Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the requirements for optimum mycelial growth of these ectomycorrhizal fungi. Best ECM mycelial growth was obtained in the basic MMN medium containing glucose as the source of carbon and nitrogen in ammonium form. C. distans showed higher growth than C. nuda across all the treatments and also proved significantly more effective in enhancing the survival and growth of the conifer host plant seedlings. The present study resulted in standardizing the requirements for mass inoculum production of the two mycobionts which could help in successful forest restoration programmes.
在过去的几十年中，许多国家试图在数百万公顷退化土地上进行森林景观恢复。然而，由于多种因素，这些努力的成效有限，包括对苗圃幼苗外生菌根形成的重视不足。在克什米尔喜马拉雅地区也出现了类似的情况，尽管森林管理者进行了充分的恢复努力，但退化森林的自然再生仍然很差。为了克服这一挑战，我们确定了两种有前途的外生菌根真菌，即裸伞（Clitocybe nuda）和离褶伞（Cortinarius distans），用于外生菌根化三种常见针叶树的幼苗，即红杉（Abies pindrow）、雪松（Cedrus deodara）和白云杉（Picea smithiana）。进行了实验室研究，以调查这些外生菌根真菌最佳菌丝生长的要求。在含有葡萄糖作为碳源和铵形式氮源的基本 MMN 培养基中，最佳 ECM 菌丝生长最好。C. distans 在所有处理中均表现出比 C. nuda 更高的生长速度，并且在提高针叶宿主植物幼苗的成活率和生长方面也证明更为有效。本研究标准化了两种菌根的大规模接种体生产要求，这有助于成功实施森林恢复计划。
