Gómara M J, Haro I
Department of Peptide & Protein Chemistry, IIQAB-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(5):531-46. doi: 10.2174/092986707780059698.
Synthetic peptides have been shown to be valuable tools for viral laboratory diagnosis and can provide uniform, chemically well-defined antigens for antibody analysis, reducing inter- and intra-assay variation. The main aim in the development of peptide-based diagnostic tests is to recognise specific antibodies induced by the whole viral proteins but using selected short fragments containing the most potent antigenic determinants. The success of this approach depends on the extent to which synthetic peptides are able to mimic the immunodominant epitopes of antigens. In recent years, synthetic peptides that mimic specific epitopes of infectious agents' proteins have been used in diagnostic systems for various human diseases. The present review summarizes some of the drawbacks of the use of relatively short linear peptides as antigenic substrates and the subsequent chemical strategies developed in order to overcome the low peptide reactivity against specific antibodies. Moreover, it outlines the most significant bibliography published in the last five years which provides validated peptide based tests potentially useful for diagnosis of viral, bacterial, parasitic and autoimmune diseases.
合成肽已被证明是病毒实验室诊断的宝贵工具，可为抗体分析提供统一的、化学性质明确的抗原，减少检测间和检测内的差异。基于肽的诊断测试开发的主要目的是识别由完整病毒蛋白诱导产生的特异性抗体，但使用含有最有效抗原决定簇的选定短片段。这种方法的成功取决于合成肽能够模拟抗原免疫显性表位的程度。近年来，模拟感染因子蛋白特异性表位的合成肽已被用于各种人类疾病的诊断系统。本综述总结了使用相对较短的线性肽作为抗原底物的一些缺点，以及为克服肽对特异性抗体的低反应性而开发的后续化学策略。此外，它概述了过去五年发表的最重要的文献，这些文献提供了经过验证的基于肽的测试，可能对诊断病毒、细菌、寄生虫和自身免疫性疾病有用。
