Vallejo-Marín Mario, Rausher Mark D
Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Evolution. 2007 Feb;61(2):404-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00031.x.
Two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses regarding the benefits of andromonoecy (producing perfect and female-sterile flowers on the same plant) are tested using Solanum carolinense. Results indicate that (1) staminate flowers are cheaper to produce than perfect flowers, even after correcting for their relative position in the inflorescence; (2) the resources saved by producing staminate flowers are not re-allocated to other fitness enhancing functions; and (3) the main morphological characteristic of staminate flowers, pistil reduction, does not increase either pollinator visitation or siring success of open-pollinated plants. These results indicate that neither the resource savings hypothesis nor the increased pollen donation hypothesis explains the evolution and maintenance of andromonoecy in S. carolinense.
利用卡罗来纳茄对关于雄花两性花同株（在同一植株上产生完全花和雌性不育花）益处的两个并非相互排斥的假说进行了检验。结果表明：（1）即使校正了雄花在花序中的相对位置，雄花的生产成本仍低于完全花；（2）通过产生雄花节省的资源并未重新分配到其他增强适合度的功能上；（3）雄花的主要形态特征——雌蕊退化，既没有增加传粉者的访花频率，也没有提高开放授粉植株的父本成功受精率。这些结果表明，资源节省假说和增加花粉传播假说均无法解释卡罗来纳茄中雄花两性花同株的进化及维持现象。
