Mikić Z, Somer L, Somer T
Clinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Yugoslavia.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992 Feb(275):29-36.
A histologic study of the structure of the articular disk of the distal radioulnar joint in humans was performed on 57 disks from 37 fresh cadavers that included fetuses and individuals up to age 65 years. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, orcein, and Mallory and Mann-Dominici's methods, and studied with the light microscopy. It was found that the disks of adults were basically formed of the so-called fibrocartilagenous tissue composed of an intercellular substance in which there were interwoven wavelike collagen fiber bundles and between them three specific types of cells: (1) rather sparse fibrocytes mostly situated in dorsal and palmar margins, (2) predominant and constant chondroid cells dispersed throughout the disk, and (3) less-frequent real chondocytes distributed mostly in the central parts. This basic tissue is modified according to the age of the subjects and functional requirements. In fetuses and newborns, it is almost completely fibrous and very cellular, while in adults, it is more cartilaginous with significantly reduced cellularity. The structure of various parts of disks is adapted to the functional stresses exerted on them. In central parts exposed to pressure, the tissue is more cartilaginous, while peripheral, massive margins, subjected mostly to traction, are built in a ligamentlike pattern. The ulnar and carpal surfaces are adapted to the gliding movements of the ulna and carpus. It is concluded that the articular disk in humans, which is basically of fibrocartilagineous nature, is a dynamic structure biomechanically, predetermined and changing with aging.
对37具新鲜尸体（包括胎儿和65岁以下个体）的57个远侧桡尺关节关节盘结构进行了组织学研究。标本用苏木精和伊红、orcein以及马洛里和曼-多米尼西方法染色，并通过光学显微镜进行研究。发现成人的关节盘基本上由所谓的纤维软骨组织构成，该组织由细胞间质组成，其中有交织的波浪状胶原纤维束，在它们之间有三种特定类型的细胞：（1）相当稀疏的纤维细胞，大多位于背侧和掌侧边缘；（2）占主导且恒定的类软骨细胞分散在整个关节盘中；（3）较少见的真正软骨细胞大多分布在中央部分。这种基本组织根据受试者的年龄和功能需求而发生改变。在胎儿和新生儿中，它几乎完全是纤维性的且细胞非常多，而在成人中，它更具软骨性，细胞数量显著减少。关节盘各部分的结构适应施加在其上的功能应力。在承受压力的中央部分，组织更具软骨性，而周边的厚实边缘大多承受牵引，呈韧带样结构。尺骨和腕骨表面适应尺骨和腕骨的滑动运动。得出的结论是，人类的关节盘基本上具有纤维软骨性质，在生物力学上是一种动态结构，由遗传决定并随年龄变化。
