Barnes Peter J
Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 May;119(5):1055-62; quiz 1063-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.01.015. Epub 2007 Mar 13.
Increased neutrophils are a feature of airway inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in some patients with asthma, particularly patients with more severe disease, during exacerbations and with cigarette smoking. Because neutrophilic inflammation may be detrimental, there are several new approaches to inhibiting neutrophilic inflammation. Neutrophilic inflammation is resistant or poorly responsive to corticosteroids, so different anti-inflammatory approaches are needed. Blocking neutrophil chemotactic factors such as leukotriene B(4) and IL-8 and related cysteine-X-cysteine chemokines by blocking receptor for leukotriene B(4) 1 and receptor for cysteine-X-cysteine chemokines 2 receptors is an approach that is currently being investigated. Other approaches include blocking adhesion molecules such as E-selectin. Inhibiting phosphodiesterase-4, nuclear factor-kappaB, or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is another approach that inhibits the production of cysteine-X-cysteine chemokines. Antioxidants, long-acting beta(2)-agonists, and activators of histone deacetylase may also be effective.
中性粒细胞增多是慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者以及部分哮喘患者气道炎症的一个特征，尤其是病情较重的患者，在病情加重期间以及吸烟时会出现这种情况。由于嗜中性粒细胞炎症可能有害，因此有几种抑制嗜中性粒细胞炎症的新方法。嗜中性粒细胞炎症对皮质类固醇有抗性或反应不佳，因此需要不同的抗炎方法。通过阻断白三烯B4受体1和半胱氨酸- X -半胱氨酸趋化因子受体2来阻断中性粒细胞趋化因子，如白三烯B4和IL - 8以及相关的半胱氨酸- X -半胱氨酸趋化因子，是目前正在研究的一种方法。其他方法包括阻断黏附分子，如E -选择素。抑制磷酸二酯酶-4、核因子-κB或p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶是另一种抑制半胱氨酸- X -半胱氨酸趋化因子产生的方法。抗氧化剂、长效β2激动剂和组蛋白脱乙酰酶激活剂也可能有效。
