Chiu Sufen, Wegelin Jacob A, Blank Jeremy, Jenkins Megan, Day Josh, Hessl David, Tassone Flora, Hagerman Randi
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95817, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2007 Feb;28(1):31-5. doi: 10.1097/01.DBP.0000257518.60083.2d.
Head circumference (HC) growth has been shown in several studies to be accelerated early in life in both fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but the rates of growth have not been compared between those with only FXS and those with FXS and ASD (FXS + ASD).
We hypothesized that individuals with FXS + ASD would have significantly larger HCs from individuals with only FXS and that there would be an early acceleration of HC in both the FXS-only and FXS + ASD groups. HC measurements were available retrospectively for 44 males, five and younger, with FXS, of whom 22 also had ASD. Measurements over time were available for 24 of the 44 children. HC percentiles were compared between the groups in two ways: by focusing on cross-sectional subsamples and by fitting hierarchical linear models to the full sample.
Neither group differed significantly from the norm in the first year of life (p > 0.2). At 30 months, the FXS + ASD group was 27 percentile points above the norm (p = .0125), whereas the FXS-only group did not differ from the norm. At 60 months, the FXS-only group was 21 percentile points above the norm (p = .029), whereas the FXS + ASD group did not differ from the norm.
The group difference in HC growth rate may differentiate brain development in individuals with FXS-only versus those with FXS + ASD.
多项研究表明，脆性X综合征（FXS）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者在生命早期头围（HC）增长加速，但仅患FXS的患者与同时患FXS和ASD（FXS+ASD）的患者之间的头围增长速率尚未进行比较。
我们假设，FXS+ASD患者的头围显著大于仅患FXS的患者，并且仅患FXS组和FXS+ASD组的头围在早期均会加速增长。我们回顾性获取了44名5岁及以下患FXS男性的HC测量值，其中22名还患有ASD。44名儿童中有24名有不同时间的测量值。通过两种方式比较两组之间的HC百分位数：关注横断面亚样本以及对整个样本拟合分层线性模型。
两组在出生后第一年与正常水平相比均无显著差异（p>0.2）。在30个月时，FXS+ASD组比正常水平高27个百分位数（p=0.0125），而仅患FXS组与正常水平无差异。在60个月时，仅患FXS组比正常水平高21个百分位数（p=0.029），而FXS+ASD组与正常水平无差异。
HC生长速率的组间差异可能区分仅患FXS的个体与患FXS+ASD的个体的大脑发育情况。
