经机械-生物处理的城市固体废物作为微生物甲烷氧化的载体介质，以减少垃圾填埋场的温室气体排放。
Mechanically-biologically treated municipal solid waste as a support medium for microbial methane oxidation to mitigate landfill greenhouse emissions.
作者信息
Einola Juha-Kalle M, Karhu A Elina, Rintala Jukka A
机构信息
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014, Finland.
出版信息
Waste Manag. 2008;28(1):97-111. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.01.002. Epub 2007 Mar 13.
The residual fraction of mechanically-biologically treated municipal solid waste (MBT residual) was studied in the laboratory to evaluate its suitability and environmental compatibility as a support medium in methane (CH(4)) oxidative biocovers for the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from landfills. Two MBT residuals with 5 and 12 months total (aerobic) biological stabilisation times were used in the study. MBT residual appeared to be a favourable medium for CH(4) oxidation as indicated by its area-based CH(4) oxidation rates (12.2-82.3 g CH(4) m(-2) d(-1) at 2-25 degrees C; determined in CH(4)-sparged columns). The CH(4) oxidation potential (determined in batch assays) of the MBT residuals increased during the 124 d column experiment, from <1.6 to a maximum of 104 microg CH(4) g(dw)(-1) h(-1) (dw=dry weight) at 5 degrees C and 578 microg CH(4) g(dw)(-1) h(-1) at 23 degrees C. Nitrous oxide (N(2)O) production in MBT residual (<15 microg N(2)O kg(dw)(-1) d(-1) in the CH(4) oxidative columns) was at the lower end of the range of N(2)O emissions reported for landfills and non-landfill soils, and insignificant as a greenhouse gas source. Also, anaerobic gas production (25.6 l kg(dw)(-1) during 217 d) in batch assays was low, indicating biological stability of the MBT residual. The electrical conductivities (140-250 mS m(-1)), as well as the concentrations of zinc (3.0 mg l(-1)), copper (0.5 mg l(-1)), arsenic (0.3 mg l(-1)), nickel (0.1 mg l(-1)) and lead (0.1 mg l(-1)) in MBT residual eluates from a leaching test (EN-12457-4) with a liquid/solid (L/S) ratio of 10:1, suggest a potential for leachate pollutant emissions which should be considered in plans to utilise MBT residual. In conclusion, the laboratory experiments suggest that MBT residual can be utilised as a support medium for CH(4) oxidation, even at low temperatures, to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from landfills.
在实验室中对机械生物处理后的城市固体废弃物残渣（MBT残渣）进行了研究，以评估其作为甲烷（CH₄）氧化生物覆盖层中支撑介质的适用性和环境兼容性，从而减少垃圾填埋场的温室气体排放。本研究使用了总（好氧）生物稳定时间分别为5个月和12个月的两种MBT残渣。MBT残渣似乎是CH₄氧化的良好介质，其基于面积的CH₄氧化速率表明了这一点（在2至25摄氏度下为12.2 - 82.3 g CH₄ m⁻² d⁻¹；在通入CH₄的柱体中测定）。在124天的柱体实验期间，MBT残渣的CH₄氧化潜力（在批次试验中测定）有所增加，在5摄氏度时从<1.6增加到最高104 μg CH₄ g（干重）⁻¹ h⁻¹，在23摄氏度时为578 μg CH₄ g（干重）⁻¹ h⁻¹。MBT残渣中一氧化二氮（N₂O）的产生量（在CH₄氧化柱体中<15 μg N₂O kg（干重）⁻¹ d⁻¹）处于垃圾填埋场和非垃圾填埋场土壤所报告的N₂O排放范围的下限，作为温室气体源可忽略不计。此外，批次试验中的厌氧气体产生量（在217天内为25.6 l kg（干重）⁻¹）较低，表明MBT残渣具有生物稳定性。在液固（L/S）比为10:1的浸出试验（EN - 12457 - 4）中，MBT残渣洗脱液的电导率（140 - 250 mS m⁻¹）以及锌（3.0 mg l⁻¹）、铜（0.5 mg l⁻¹）、砷（0.3 mg l⁻¹）、镍（0.1 mg l⁻¹）和铅（0.1 mg l⁻¹）的浓度表明存在渗滤液污染物排放的可能性，在利用MBT残渣的计划中应予以考虑。总之，实验室实验表明，MBT残渣即使在低温下也可作为CH₄氧化的支撑介质，以减少垃圾填埋场的温室气体排放。
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