Shourie Swati, Conigrave Katherine M, Proude Elizabeth M, Haber Paul S
The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2007 Mar;26(2):127-33. doi: 10.1080/09595230601145175.
Early detection and intervention for alcohol problems have been shown to reduce subsequent health consequences. However, the extent to which these practices have been implemented is unclear. The study assessed among hospital in-patients (1) the prevalence of at-risk drinking and smoking, (2) current practice in detection and intervention for at-risk drinking and smoking and (3) self-reported effect of any intervention. A brief self-administered questionnaire was administered to adult in-patients addressing alcohol use [Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire], smoking and self-reported effect of any recent intervention for drinking or smoking. The participant's smoking status and alcohol use as recorded by medical and nursing staff was compared to self-reports. Of 448 in-patients, 50% (226) participated in the study; 38% (170) were ineligible and 12% (52) refused. Participants were aged 61.3 (+/-18.9) years. A higher number of problem drinkers (11.9% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.0001) and current smokers (17.3% vs. 9.3%, p < 0.0001) were identified by the questionnaire compared to the medical records. Hospital staff quantified smoking more consistently than alcohol (54% vs. 42%, p = 0.02). Of those who recalled an intervention, 19% of drinkers and 27% of smokers said they had stopped drinking or smoking for a period since that intervention. Further improvement is required in the rates of detection and interventions for alcohol use disorders and smoking in the hospital setting.
酒精问题的早期发现和干预已被证明可减少随后的健康后果。然而，这些措施的实施程度尚不清楚。该研究对住院患者进行了评估：（1）有风险饮酒和吸烟的患病率；（2）目前对有风险饮酒和吸烟的检测和干预做法；（3）自我报告的任何干预措施的效果。对成年住院患者发放了一份简短的自填问卷，内容涉及饮酒情况[酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）问卷]、吸烟情况以及自我报告的近期饮酒或吸烟干预措施的效果。将医护人员记录的参与者吸烟状况和饮酒情况与自我报告进行比较。448名住院患者中，50%（226名）参与了研究；38%（170名）不符合条件，12%（52名）拒绝参与。参与者年龄为61.3（±18.9）岁。与病历相比，问卷识别出的问题饮酒者（11.9%对3.5%，p<0.0001）和当前吸烟者（17.3%对9.3%，p<0.0001）数量更多。医院工作人员对吸烟情况的量化比饮酒情况更一致（54%对42%，p = 0.02）。在那些回忆起有干预措施的人中，19%的饮酒者和27%的吸烟者表示自那次干预以来他们曾有一段时间停止饮酒或吸烟。医院环境中酒精使用障碍和吸烟的检测率及干预率仍需进一步提高。
