Mir Hina A, Rajawat Jyotika, Pradhan Shalmali, Begum Rasheedunnisa
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India.
Indian J Exp Biol. 2007 Mar;45(3):223-36.
The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, a powerful paradigm provides clear insights into the regulation of growth and development. In addition to possessing complex individual cellular functions like a unicellular eukaryote, D. discoideum cells face the challenge of multicellular development. D. discoideum undergoes a relatively simple differentiation process mainly by cAMP mediated pathway. Despite this relative simplicity, the regulatory signaling pathways are as complex as those seen in metazoan development. However, the introduction of restriction-enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) technique to produce developmental gene knockouts has provided novel insights into the discovery of signaling molecules and their role in D. discoideum development. Cell cycle phase is an important aspect for differentiation of D. discoideum, as cells must reach a specific stage to enter into developmental phase and specific cell cycle regulators are involved in arresting growth phase genes and inducing the developmental genes. In this review, we present an overview of the signaling molecules involved in the regulation of growth to differentiation transition (GDT), molecular mechanism of early developmental events leading to generation of cAMP signal and components of cAMP relay system that operate in this paradigm.
社会变形虫盘基网柄菌是一个强大的范例，能为生长和发育的调控提供清晰的见解。除了拥有像单细胞真核生物那样复杂的个体细胞功能外，盘基网柄菌细胞还面临多细胞发育的挑战。盘基网柄菌主要通过cAMP介导的途径经历相对简单的分化过程。尽管相对简单，但调控信号通路与后生动物发育中所见的一样复杂。然而，引入限制酶介导的整合（REMI）技术来产生发育基因敲除，为发现信号分子及其在盘基网柄菌发育中的作用提供了新的见解。细胞周期阶段是盘基网柄菌分化的一个重要方面，因为细胞必须达到特定阶段才能进入发育阶段，并且特定的细胞周期调节因子参与抑制生长阶段基因并诱导发育基因。在这篇综述中，我们概述了参与生长到分化转变（GDT）调控的信号分子、导致cAMP信号产生的早期发育事件的分子机制以及在这个范例中运作的cAMP中继系统的组成部分。
