Practical syntheses of pyridinolines, important amino acidic biomarkers of collagen health.

The paper reports some successful results on the first fully stereoselective total synthesis of the collagen cross-link pyridinolines. All stereogenic centers are stereoselectively introduced using Williams glycine template methodology, and oxazinones are used as a source of chirality and as easily removable protecting groups of the amino acidic functionalities during the assembly of the pyridinoline nucleus.