Murray R C, Dyson S J, Tranquille C, Adams V
Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kenfford, Newmarket, Suffolk, CB8 7UU, UK.
Equine Vet J Suppl. 2006 Aug(36):411-6. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05578.x.
Although anecdotal reports of increased orthopaedic injury risk in equine sports exist, there is little scientific evidence to support this.
To test whether horses undertaking a single competitive sport have increased risk of specific injuries compared to those used for general purpose riding (GP); and whether injury type varies with sport category and performance level.
Data from 1069 records of horses undergoing orthopaedic evaluation (1998-2003) and meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed. Sport category (GP, showjumping, dressage, eventing, racing), level (nonelite or elite) and diagnosis were recorded. Effects of sport category and level on probability of a specific diagnosis were assessed using chi-squared tests. Logistic regression was used to determine which competitive sports and levels increased risk of injury compared with GP.
Overall there was a significant effect of sport category and level on diagnosis (P<0.0001). There was significant difference between anatomical site injured and sport category (P<0.0001); a high risk of forelimb superficial digital flexor tendon injury in elite eventing (P<0.0001) and elite showjumping (P = 0.02); distal deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) injury in elite showjumping (P = 0.002); and hindlimb suspensory ligament injury in elite (P<0.0001) and nonelite (P = 0.001) dressage. There was a low risk of tarsal injury in elite eventing (P = 0.01) and proximal DDFT injury in dressage (P = 0.01).
Horses competing in different sports are predisposed to specific injuries; particular sports may increase the risk of injury at certain anatomical sites; and the type and site of injury may reflect the type and level of performance.
These findings could guide clinicians in the diagnosis of sport related injuries.
尽管有轶事报道称马术运动中骨科损伤风险增加，但几乎没有科学证据支持这一点。
测试与用于一般用途骑行（GP）的马匹相比，从事单一竞技运动的马匹发生特定损伤的风险是否增加；以及损伤类型是否随运动类别和表现水平而变化。
回顾了1998年至2003年期间1069匹接受骨科评估且符合纳入标准的马匹记录的数据。记录运动类别（GP、场地障碍赛、盛装舞步、三项赛、赛马）、水平（非精英或精英）和诊断结果。使用卡方检验评估运动类别和水平对特定诊断概率的影响。采用逻辑回归确定与GP相比，哪些竞技运动和水平会增加受伤风险。
总体而言，运动类别和水平对诊断有显著影响（P<0.0001）。受伤的解剖部位与运动类别之间存在显著差异（P<0.0001）；精英三项赛（P<0.0001）和精英场地障碍赛（P = 0.02）中前肢浅屈肌腱损伤风险高；精英场地障碍赛中远端深屈肌腱（DDFT）损伤（P = 0.002）；精英（P<0.0001）和非精英（P = 0.001）盛装舞步中后肢悬韧带损伤。精英三项赛中跗关节损伤风险低（P = 0.01），盛装舞步中近端DDFT损伤风险低（P = 0.01）。
参加不同运动的马匹易患特定损伤；特定运动可能会增加某些解剖部位的受伤风险；损伤的类型和部位可能反映运动表现的类型和水平。
这些发现可为临床医生诊断与运动相关的损伤提供指导。
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