Bigliani L U, Pollock R G, Soslowsky L J, Flatow E L, Pawluk R J, Mow V C
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York.
J Orthop Res. 1992 Mar;10(2):187-97. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100100205.
The tensile properties of the inferior glenohumeral ligament have been determined in 16 freshly frozen cadaver shoulders. The inferior glenohumeral ligament was divided into three anatomical regions: a superior band, an anterior axillary pouch, and a posterior axillary pouch. This yielded 48 bone-ligament-bone specimens, which were tested to failure in uniaxial tension. The superior band was consistently the thickest region, averaging 2.79 mm. The thickness of the inferior glenohumeral ligament decreased from antero-superiorly to postero-inferiorly. The resting length of all three anatomical regions was not statistically different. Total specimen strain to failure for all bone-ligament-bone specimens averaged 27%. Variations occurred between the three regions, with the anterior pouch specimens failing at a higher strain (34%) than those from the superior band (24%) or the posterior pouch (23%). Strain to failure for the ligament midsubstance (11%) was found to be significantly less than that for the entire specimen (27%). Thus, larger strain must occur near the insertion sites of the inferior glenohumeral ligament. Stress at failure was found to be nearly identical for the three regions of the ligament, averaging 5.5 MPa. These values are lower than those reported for other soft tissues, such as the anterior cruciate ligament and patellar tendon. The anterior pouch was found to be less stiff than the other two regions, perhaps suggesting that it is composed of more highly crimped collagen fibers. Three failure sites were seen for the inferior glenohumeral ligament: the glenoid insertion (40%), the ligament substance (35%), and the humeral insertion (25%). In addition, significant capsular stretching occurred before failure, regardless of the failure mode.
在16个新鲜冷冻的尸体肩部测定了肩胛下盂肱韧带的拉伸特性。肩胛下盂肱韧带分为三个解剖区域：上束、腋前襞和腋后襞。这产生了48个骨-韧带-骨标本，对其进行单轴拉伸直至破坏试验。上束始终是最厚的区域，平均厚度为2.79毫米。肩胛下盂肱韧带的厚度从前上方向后下方逐渐减小。所有三个解剖区域的静息长度在统计学上没有差异。所有骨-韧带-骨标本的总破坏应变平均为27%。三个区域之间存在差异，腋前襞标本的破坏应变（34%）高于上束（24%）或腋后襞（23%）的标本。韧带中部的破坏应变（11%）明显小于整个标本的破坏应变（27%）。因此，肩胛下盂肱韧带插入部位附近必定会出现更大的应变。发现韧带三个区域的破坏应力几乎相同，平均为5.5兆帕。这些值低于其他软组织（如前交叉韧带和髌腱）报道的值。发现腋前襞的刚度低于其他两个区域，这可能表明它由卷曲程度更高的胶原纤维组成。肩胛下盂肱韧带可见三个破坏部位：关节盂插入处（40%）、韧带实质（35%）和肱骨插入处（25%）。此外，无论破坏模式如何，破坏前都会发生明显的关节囊拉伸。
