Meyer zu Hörste Gerd, Hartung Hans-Peter, Kieseier Bernd C
Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2007 Apr;3(4):198-211. doi: 10.1038/ncpneuro0452.
Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy are autoimmune-mediated inflammatory diseases of the PNS. In recent years, substantial progress has been made towards understanding the immune mechanisms that underlie these conditions, in large part through the study of experimental models. Here, we review the available animal models that partially mimic human Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and discuss the wide range of therapeutic approaches that have been successfully established in these models of inflammatory neuropathies. Transfer of this preclinical knowledge to patients has been far less successful, and inflammatory neuropathies are still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We will summarize successful therapeutic trials in human autoimmune neuropathies to provide a vantage point for the transfer of experimental treatment strategies to clinical practice in immune-mediated diseases of the peripheral nerve.
吉兰-巴雷综合征和慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病是周围神经系统的自身免疫介导的炎症性疾病。近年来，在理解这些疾病背后的免疫机制方面取得了重大进展，这在很大程度上得益于对实验模型的研究。在此，我们回顾了部分模拟人类吉兰-巴雷综合征和慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病的现有动物模型，并讨论了在这些炎症性神经病模型中成功建立的广泛治疗方法。将这种临床前知识转化应用于患者的成效要小得多，而且炎症性神经病仍然与显著的发病率和死亡率相关。我们将总结人类自身免疫性神经病的成功治疗试验，为将实验性治疗策略转化应用于周围神经免疫介导疾病的临床实践提供一个有利视角。
