Well David, Yang Hua, Houseni Mohamed, Iruvuri Sireesha, Alzeair Saad, Sansovini Maddalena, Wintering Nancy, Alavi Abass, Torigian Drew A
Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA.
Semin Nucl Med. 2007 May;37(3):173-84. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2007.01.004.
In this work, we provide preliminary data and a review of the literature regarding normal structural and functional changes that occur in the aging uterus, ovary, testicle, and prostate gland. It is expected that such knowledge will help physicians to distinguish physiologic changes from pathologic changes at an early stage. We retrospectively reviewed pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 131 female and 79 male subjects ages 13 to 86 years to determine changes in volume of the uterus, ovary, and prostate gland with age. Scrotal ultrasound examinations of 150 male subjects ages 0 to 96 years also were analyzed retrospectively to determine changes in testicular volume with age. In addition, (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET) scans of 145 male subjects ages 11 to 90 years were analyzed retrospectively to assess for changes in maximum standardized uptake value (SUV(max)) of the testicles with age. The uterus had a mean volume of 38.55 +/- 3.68 cm(3) at 17 to 19 years of age, increased to a peak volume of 71.76 +/- 19.81 cm(3) between 35 to 40 years, and then declined to 24.02 +/- 8.11 cm(3) by the eighth decade of life. The maximal ovarian volume per subject maintained a relatively stable size in early life, measuring 9.46 +/- 3.25 cm(3) during the second decade of life, 8.46 +/- 3.32 cm(3) in the mid-fourth decade of life, and 7.46 +/- 3.33 cm(3) at 45 years of age, after which it declined to 4.44 +/- 2.02 cm(3) by the late fifth decade of life. The ovaries were not identifiable on MRI in subjects beyond the sixth decade of life. The volume of the prostate increased from 23.45 +/- 6.20 cm(3) during the second decade of life to 47.5 +/- 41.59 cm(3) by the late eighth decade of life; the central gland of the prostate increased from 9.96 +/- 3.99 cm(3) to 29.49 +/- 28.88 cm(3) during the same age range. Mean testicular volume was 11.2 +/- 5.9 cm(3). Testicular volume increased with age from birth to 25 years. After age 25, there was a significant decline in the testicular volume. The mean SUV(max) for the testicles was 1.9 +/- 0.5. Testicular metabolic activity demonstrated an increasing trend until the age of 35 years. A plateau in SUV(max) was observed after the age of 35 years until the age of 65 years. A slight decrease in SUV(max) was observed after the age of 65 years. The pelvic structures of men and women change both structurally and functionally over the lifespan, and such changes can be quantified using ultrasound, MRI, and (18)F-FDG-PET.
在本研究中，我们提供了关于衰老过程中子宫、卵巢、睾丸和前列腺发生的正常结构和功能变化的初步数据及文献综述。期望这些知识能帮助医生在早期阶段区分生理变化和病理变化。我们回顾性分析了131名年龄在13至86岁的女性和79名年龄在13至86岁的男性受试者的盆腔磁共振成像（MRI）扫描结果，以确定子宫、卵巢和前列腺体积随年龄的变化。还回顾性分析了150名年龄在0至96岁的男性受试者的阴囊超声检查结果，以确定睾丸体积随年龄的变化。此外，回顾性分析了145名年龄在11至90岁的男性受试者的（18）F - 氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描（（18）F - FDG - PET）结果，以评估睾丸最大标准化摄取值（SUV(max)）随年龄的变化。子宫在17至19岁时平均体积为38.55±3.68 cm³，在35至40岁之间增加到峰值体积71.76±19.81 cm³，然后在生命的第八个十年降至24.02±8.11 cm³。每位受试者的最大卵巢体积在生命早期保持相对稳定的大小，在生命的第二个十年为9.46±3.25 cm³，在生命的第四个十年中期为8.46±3.32 cm³，在45岁时为7.46±3.33 cm³，此后在生命的第五个十年后期降至4.44±2.02 cm³。在生命的第六个十年之后的受试者中，MRI上无法识别卵巢。前列腺体积从生命的第二个十年的23.45±6.20 cm³增加到生命的第八个十年后期的47.5±41.59 cm³；前列腺中央腺在相同年龄范围内从9.96±3.99 cm³增加到29.49±28.88 cm³。平均睾丸体积为11.2±5.9 cm³。睾丸体积从出生到25岁随年龄增加。25岁以后，睾丸体积显著下降。睾丸的平均SUV(max)为1.9±0.5。睾丸代谢活性在35岁之前呈上升趋势。35岁至65岁之间观察到SUV(max)处于平台期。65岁以后观察到SUV(max)略有下降。男性和女性的盆腔结构在整个生命周期中在结构和功能上都会发生变化，并且可以使用超声、MRI和（18）F - FDG - PET对这些变化进行量化。
