Johnson Dale L, McCormick David P, Baldwin Constance D
University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
J Commun Disord. 2008 Jan-Feb;41(1):20-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2007.03.001. Epub 2007 Mar 12.
This study examined the relation of middle ear effusion (MEE) in the first 3 years of life to language outcomes at age seven. It was hypothesized, on the basis of a literature review, that (1) a low, but positive relation between early MEE and language measures in general will be observed at age seven, and (2) major effects will be demonstrated for measures of articulation and phonological sensitivity. MEE was assessed as days with bilateral MEE and episodes of MEE. Three measures of language status were used: the Test of Auditory Analysis Skill (TAAS [Rosner, J. (1975). TAAS: Test of Auditory Analysis Skill. Novato, CA: Academic Therapy Publications]), Goldman-Fristoe Articulation Test, Sounds in Words and Sounds in Sentences (GFAT [Goldman, R., & Fristoe, M. (1986). Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service]), and the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-revised (CELF-R [Semel, E. M., Wiig, E. H., & Secord, W. (1987). CELF: Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Revised. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich]). The sample included 179 children who were heterogeneous for SES and ethnicity. There were no significant correlations for MEE and language measures. These negative results were sustained when multiple regression was used with controls for socioeconomic status and quality of the home environment.
We conclude that early MEE may not pose a threat to language development in the early school years.
本研究考察了生命最初3年中耳积液（MEE）与7岁时语言发育结果之间的关系。基于文献综述，研究假设如下：（1）7岁时，早期中耳积液与一般语言测量指标之间会呈现低但为正的相关性；（2）在清晰度和语音敏感性测量方面会显示出主要影响。中耳积液通过双侧中耳积液天数和中耳积液发作次数进行评估。使用了三项语言状况测量指标：听觉分析技能测试（TAAS [罗斯纳，J.（1975年）。TAAS：听觉分析技能测试。加利福尼亚州诺瓦托：学术治疗出版公司]）、戈德曼-弗里斯托发音测试、单词中的发音和句子中的发音（GFAT [戈德曼，R.，& 弗里斯托，M.（1986年）。戈德曼-弗里斯托发音测试。明尼苏达州圆松林：美国指导服务公司]）以及语言基本能力临床评估修订版（CELF-R [塞梅尔，E.M.，维格，E.H.，& 塞科德，W.（1987年）。CELF：语言基本能力临床评估修订版。纽约：哈考特·布雷斯·约万诺维奇]）。样本包括179名在社会经济地位（SES）和种族方面具有异质性的儿童。中耳积液与语言测量指标之间无显著相关性。在对社会经济地位和家庭环境质量进行控制的情况下使用多元回归时，这些负面结果依然存在。
我们得出结论，早期中耳积液可能不会对学龄早期的语言发展构成威胁。
