Esplugues Ana, Fernández-Patier Rosalía, Aguilera Inma, Iñíguez Carmen, García Dos Santos Saúl, Aguirre Alfaro Amelia, Lacasaña Marina, Estarlich Marisa, Grimalt Joan O, Fernández Marieta, Rebagliato Marisa, Sala María, Tardón Adonina, Torrent Maties, Martínez María Dolores, Ribas-Fitó Núria, Sunyer Jordi, Ballester Ferran
Escola Valenciana d'Estudis en Salut (EVES), Valencia, España. Hospital Universitari La Fe, Valencia, España.
Gac Sanit. 2007 Mar-Apr;21(2):162-71. doi: 10.1157/13101050.
The INMA (INfancia y Medio Ambiente [Spanish for Environment and Childhood]) project is a cooperative research network. This project aims to study the effects of environment and diet on fetal and early childhood development. This article aims to present the air pollutant exposure protocol during pregnancy and fetal and early childhood development of the INMA project.
The information to assess air pollutant exposure during pregnancy is based on outdoor measurement of air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide [NO2], volatile organic compounds [VOC], ozone, particulate matter [PM10, PM2,5 ] and of their composition [polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]); measurement of indoor and personal exposure (VOC and NO2); urinary measurement of a biological marker of hydrocarbon exposure (1-hydroxypyrene); and data gathered by questionnaires and geographic information systems. These data allow individual air pollutant exposure indexes to be developed, which can then be used to analyze the possible effects of exposure on fetal development and child health.
This protocol and the type of study allow an approximation to individual air pollutant exposure to be obtained. Finally, the large number of participants (N = 4,000), as well as their geographic and social diversity, increases the study's potential.
INMA（西班牙语“环境与儿童”）项目是一个合作研究网络。该项目旨在研究环境和饮食对胎儿及幼儿发育的影响。本文旨在介绍INMA项目中孕期以及胎儿和幼儿发育阶段的空气污染物暴露方案。
评估孕期空气污染物暴露情况的信息基于以下方面：空气污染物的室外测量（二氧化氮[NO₂]、挥发性有机化合物[VOC]、臭氧、颗粒物[PM₁₀、PM₂.₅]及其成分[多环芳烃]）；室内和个人暴露测量（VOC和NO₂）；尿样中烃类暴露生物标志物（1-羟基芘）的测量；以及通过问卷和地理信息系统收集的数据。这些数据可用于制定个体空气污染物暴露指数，进而用于分析暴露对胎儿发育和儿童健康的可能影响。
该方案及研究类型有助于获取个体空气污染物暴露情况的近似值。最后，大量的参与者（N = 4000）以及他们在地理和社会方面的多样性增加了该研究的潜力。
