al-Qurainy I A, Stassen L F, Dutton G N, Moos K F, el-Attar A
Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow.
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991 Oct;29(5):302-7. doi: 10.1016/0266-4356(91)90115-l.
Over a period of 2 years, 363 patients who had sustained a total of 438 midfacial fractures due to blunt trauma received a full ophthalmological examination within 1 week of injury. Of these, 72 patients (19.8%) developed diplopia. Diplopia was most common following road traffic accidents (31%) and least common with simple falls (10%). Blow-out fractures of the orbit led to double vision in 58% of cases. Eighty two percent of patients recovered from diplopia within 6 months of injury; only 1 patient required squint surgery for double vision. The principal risk factors for diplopia comprise road traffic accidents, blow-out fractures and comminuted malar fractures. Early surgical reconstruction of midfacial fractures with conservative management of concomitant motility disorders has, in our series, resulted in very few patients having diplopia in the long term.
在两年时间里，363例因钝器外伤导致总共438处面中部骨折的患者在受伤后1周内接受了全面的眼科检查。其中，72例患者（19.8%）出现了复视。复视在道路交通事故后最为常见（31%），在单纯跌倒后最不常见（10%）。眼眶爆裂骨折导致58%的病例出现复视。82%的患者在受伤后6个月内复视恢复；只有1例患者因复视而需要斜视手术。复视的主要危险因素包括道路交通事故、爆裂骨折和粉碎性颧骨骨折。在我们的系列研究中，早期对面中部骨折进行手术重建并对伴随的运动障碍进行保守治疗，使得长期出现复视的患者极少。
