Geremia Nicole M, Gordon Tessa, Brushart Thomas M, Al-Majed Abdulhakeem A, Verge Valerie M K
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cameco MS/Neuroscience Research Center University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon City Hospital, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Exp Neurol. 2007 Jun;205(2):347-59. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.01.040. Epub 2007 Feb 21.
Brief electrical stimulation enhances the regenerative ability of axotomized motor [Nix, W.A., Hopf, H.C., 1983. Electrical stimulation of regenerating nerve and its effect on motor recovery. Brain Res. 272, 21-25; Al-Majed, A.A., Neumann, C.M., Brushart, T.M., Gordon, T., 2000. Brief electrical stimulation promotes the speed and accuracy of motor axonal regeneration. J. Neurosci. 20, 2602-2608] and sensory [Brushart, T.M., Jari, R., Verge, V., Rohde, C., Gordon, T., 2005. Electrical stimulation restores the specificity of sensory axon regeneration. Exp. Neurol. 194, 221-229] neurons. Here we examined the parameter of duration of stimulation on regenerative capacity, including the intrinsic growth programs, of sensory neurons. The effect of 20 Hz continuous electrical stimulation on the number of DRG sensory neurons that regenerate their axons was evaluated following transection and surgical repair of the femoral nerve trunk. Stimulation was applied proximal to the repair site for 1 h, 3 h, 1 day, 7 days or 14 days at the time of nerve repair. Following a 21-day regeneration period, DRG neurons that regenerated axons into the muscle and cutaneous sensory nerve branches were retrogradely identified. Stimulation of 1 h led to a significant increase in DRG neurons regenerating into cutaneous and muscle branches when compared to 0 h (sham) stimulation or longer periods of stimulation. Stimulation for 1 h also significantly increased the numbers of neurons that regenerated axons beyond the repair site 4 days after lesion and was correlated with a significant increase in expression of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) mRNA in the regenerating neurons at 2 days post-repair. An additional indicator of heightened plasticity following 1 h stimulation was elevated expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The effect of brief stimulation on enhancing sensory and motoneuron regeneration holds promise for inducing improved peripheral nerve repair in the clinical setting.
短暂电刺激可增强轴突切断的运动神经元[尼克斯，W.A.，霍普夫，H.C.，1983年。对再生神经的电刺激及其对运动恢复的影响。《脑研究》272，21 - 25；阿尔 - 马吉德，A.A.，诺伊曼，C.M.，布拉沙特，T.M.，戈登，T.，2000年。短暂电刺激可提高运动轴突再生的速度和准确性。《神经科学杂志》20，2602 - 2608]和感觉神经元[布拉沙特，T.M.，贾里，R.，韦尔热，V.，罗德，C.，戈登，T.，2005年。电刺激可恢复感觉轴突再生的特异性。《实验神经病学》194，221 - 229]的再生能力。在此，我们研究了刺激持续时间对感觉神经元再生能力（包括内在生长程序）的影响。在股神经干横断并进行手术修复后，评估了20赫兹连续电刺激对再生轴突的背根神经节（DRG）感觉神经元数量的影响。在神经修复时，于修复部位近端施加刺激，持续1小时、3小时、1天、7天或14天。经过21天的再生期后，逆行鉴定出将轴突再生到肌肉和皮肤感觉神经分支中的DRG神经元。与0小时（假手术）刺激或更长时间的刺激相比，1小时的刺激导致再生到皮肤和肌肉分支中的DRG神经元显著增加。损伤后4天，1小时的刺激还显著增加了再生轴突超过修复部位的神经元数量，并且与修复后2天再生神经元中生长相关蛋白43（GAP - 43）mRNA表达的显著增加相关。1小时刺激后可塑性增强的另一个指标是脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）表达升高。短暂刺激对增强感觉和运动神经元再生的作用有望在临床环境中诱导改善周围神经修复。
