Moskwa Bozena, Bień Justyna, Cabaj Władysław, Korinkova Karina, Koudela Bretislav, Kacprzak Elzbieta, Stefaniak Jerzy
Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda Street 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland.
Wiad Parazytol. 2006;52(3):231-8.
The most important confirmative diagnostic test for trichinellosis is the presence of the muscle larvae in a tissue biopsy but this direct method has a low sensitivity of light and moderate infections. The aim of presented study was to compare the usefulness of the results obtained by three ELISA procedures for Trichinella spp. diagnosis in human outbreaks.
All sera (cases and controls) were tested for anti-Trichinella antibodies (immunoglobulin G) using commercially available Novatec KIT and two other ELISA procedures based on excretory-secretory (ES) antigens on Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. The main differences in ELISA procedures were: the protein concentration in antigen, dilution of human serum samples, conjugate and the time of conjugate incubation. Additional differences were noticed in ES antigen preparation procedures as well as in T. spiralis isolates used in these procedures. Serum samples were obtained from 22 symptomatical patients from Poznafi region (West Poland), geographic area where human outbreak had occurred. Control serum samples were obtained from 20 patients from an open population from a non endemic trichinellosis area.
The results were analyzed in terms of both: statistical and epidemiological point of view. Linear regression analysis and correlations coefficient r between OD values of total 22 patients obtained in three ELISA procedures were positive and high statistically significant. Three ELISA procedures revealed different cut-off values and positivity rates for outbreak. However, the majority of positive samples were found as positive in three procedures, but some of them were positive in two or one procedure only. These individual variability in sera reactivity observed in three ELISA procedures could be very important from epidemiological point of view.
旋毛虫病最重要的确诊诊断试验是在组织活检中发现肌肉幼虫，但这种直接方法对轻度和中度感染的敏感性较低。本研究的目的是比较三种酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法在人类疫情中诊断旋毛虫属的结果的有用性。
使用市售的诺瓦泰克试剂盒以及另外两种基于旋毛虫肌肉幼虫排泄分泌（ES）抗原的ELISA方法，对所有血清（病例组和对照组）进行抗旋毛虫抗体（免疫球蛋白G）检测。ELISA方法的主要差异在于：抗原中的蛋白质浓度、人血清样本的稀释度、结合物以及结合物孵育时间。在ES抗原制备程序以及这些程序中使用的旋毛虫分离株方面也发现了其他差异。血清样本取自波兰西部波兹南地区的22名有症状患者，该地区发生了人类疫情。对照血清样本取自非旋毛虫病流行地区开放人群中的20名患者。
从统计学和流行病学角度对结果进行了分析。对三种ELISA方法中获得的22名患者的光密度（OD）值进行线性回归分析，相关系数r为正，且具有高度统计学意义。三种ELISA方法显示出不同的临界值和疫情阳性率。然而，大多数阳性样本在三种方法中均呈阳性，但其中一些仅在两种或一种方法中呈阳性。从流行病学角度来看，在三种ELISA方法中观察到的血清反应性的这种个体差异可能非常重要。
