Cushman Mary
Department of Medicine, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, University of Vermont College of Medicine and Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington, VT, USA.
Semin Hematol. 2007 Apr;44(2):62-9. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2007.02.004.
Venous thrombosis, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), occurs at an annual incidence of about 1 per 1,000 adults. Rates increase sharply after about age 45 years, and are slightly higher in men than women in older age. Major risk factors for thrombosis, other than age, include exogenous factors such as surgery, hospitalization, immobility, trauma, pregnancy, and the puerperium and hormone use, and endogenous factors such as cancer, obesity, and inherited and acquired disorders of hypercoagulation. This review focuses on epidemiology of venous thrombosis and the general implications of this in patient management.
静脉血栓形成，包括深静脉血栓形成（DVT）和肺栓塞（PE），成年人年发病率约为千分之一。45岁左右后发病率急剧上升，老年男性略高于女性。除年龄外，血栓形成的主要危险因素包括手术、住院、不动、创伤、妊娠、产褥期和激素使用等外源性因素，以及癌症、肥胖、遗传性和获得性高凝紊乱等内源性因素。本综述重点关注静脉血栓形成的流行病学及其在患者管理中的一般意义。
