Buehren Tobias, Iskander D Robert, Collins Michael J, Davis Brett
Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Optom Vis Sci. 2007 Mar;84(3):163-74. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e318033555e.
To investigate analytically whether higher-order wavefront errors comprising combinations of trefoil along 30 degrees (trefoil30), vertical coma, and spherical aberration could provide cues to sphero-cylindrical refractive error development.
A total of 25 test wavefronts, subdivided into five different types and five levels of higher-order root mean square errors (HO-RMS), were created for the study. One type contained spherical aberration only, producing HO-RMS levels between 0.1 and 0.5 microm. Four wavefront types contained coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration of various sign combinations also producing HO-RMS levels between 0.1 and 0.5 microm. From the 25 wavefronts, refractive power maps were created and 2025 different sphero-cylindrical combinations were added to each refractive power map. For each sphero-cylinder combination, the visual Strehl ratio based on the modulation transfer function (VSMTF) was calculated. Retinal images and refractive power histograms were calculated for the refractive power maps corresponding to the peak of the VSMTF.
Spherical aberration affected the best focal plane thereby inducing spherical or defocus cues. The VSMTF produced by vertical coma and trefoil30, in combination with spherical aberration, could be improved with sphero-cylinders of various magnitudes and directions (i.e., with-the-rule, against-the rule, myopic astigmatism, or hyperopic astigmatism). Clinical significance of sphero-cylinders (i.e., >or=0.25 D) was reached at HO-RMS levels between 0.2 and 0.3 microm for a 5-mm pupil zone.
In the context of compensatory blur driven eye growth, commonly occurring combinations of the three considered higher-order aberrations have the potential to produce cues to eye growth resulting in myopia and with-the-rule astigmatism.
分析包含30度三叶畸变差（三叶畸变差30）、垂直慧差和球差组合的高阶波前像差是否能为球柱面屈光不正的发展提供线索。
本研究共创建了25个测试波前，分为五种不同类型和五个高阶均方根误差（HO-RMS）水平。一种类型仅包含球差，产生的HO-RMS水平在0.1至0.5微米之间。四种波前类型包含慧差、三叶畸变差和各种符号组合的球差，也产生0.1至0.5微米之间的HO-RMS水平。从这25个波前中创建屈光力图，并将2025种不同的球柱面组合添加到每个屈光力图中。对于每个球柱面组合，计算基于调制传递函数的视觉斯特列尔比率（VSMTF）。针对对应于VSMTF峰值的屈光力图计算视网膜图像和屈光力直方图。
球差影响最佳焦平面，从而产生球差或散焦线索。垂直慧差和三叶畸变差30与球差相结合产生的VSMTF可通过各种大小和方向的球柱面（即顺规、逆规、近视散光或远视散光）得到改善。对于5毫米瞳孔区，在HO-RMS水平为0.2至0.3微米时达到了球柱面（即≥0.25 D）的临床意义。
在补偿性模糊驱动的眼球生长背景下，所考虑的三种常见高阶像差组合有可能产生导致近视和顺规散光的眼球生长线索。
