Ayoola Adejoke B, Nettleman Mary, Brewer Jennifer
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007 Apr;16(3):302-10. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2007.0210.
Despite the increased availability of contraception, unprotected intercourse and unintended pregnancy are common among adult women. We sought to identify reasons why adult women at risk of unintended pregnancy have unprotected intercourse.
A comprehensive search of electronic databases of MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PSYCHOINFO, from 1995 to 2005, was conducted. Reference lists from relevant published papers and reviews related to contraceptive practices and pregnancy intendedness were also hand searched. The Bronfenbrenner ecological framework was used as a guide in the discussion of the findings.
There were 16 studies that met inclusion criteria, and these provided numerous reasons why adult women had unprotected intercourse. Reasons were found at the individual, interpersonal, and societal levels. Individual reasons included concerns with contraceptive side effects, a low perceived risk for pregnancy, lack of knowledge, and attitudes and beliefs. Interpersonal reasons included partners, families, or friends who discouraged the use of contraception. Societal reasons included access problems, inconvenience, and cost.
There are multiple reasons why women have unprotected intercourse. These reasons were located in overlapping domains of influence. Factors in a woman's environment at the interpersonal and societal level may significantly influence her contraceptive use behavior.
尽管避孕方法日益普及，但成年女性中无保护性行为和意外怀孕仍很常见。我们试图找出有意外怀孕风险的成年女性进行无保护性行为的原因。
对1995年至2005年的MEDLINE、CINAHL和PSYCHOINFO电子数据库进行了全面检索。还手工检索了与避孕措施和怀孕意愿相关的已发表论文及综述的参考文献列表。在讨论研究结果时，以布朗芬布伦纳生态框架为指导。
有16项研究符合纳入标准，这些研究提供了成年女性进行无保护性行为的诸多原因。这些原因存在于个人、人际和社会层面。个人原因包括对避孕副作用的担忧、对怀孕风险的低认知、知识缺乏以及态度和信念。人际原因包括伴侣、家人或朋友不鼓励使用避孕措施。社会原因包括获取问题、不便和成本。
女性进行无保护性行为有多种原因。这些原因存在于相互重叠的影响领域。人际和社会层面女性环境中的因素可能会显著影响其避孕使用行为。
