Fukaya Eri, Hopf Harriet W
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Neurol Res. 2007 Mar;29(2):142-5. doi: 10.1179/016164107X174165.
Gas embolism, which occurs with the entry of gas into the circulatory system from the vein, artery or both, is a potentially serious even fatal condition. The two main causes of gas embolism are iatrogenic and diving. The site of entry and the signs and symptoms distinguish between arterial and venous embolism. The entering gas may be air, but may also be CO(2) or other gases, especially in iatrogenic embolism. Supportive care is the primary therapy for venous gas embolism, while hyperbaric oxygen therapy in addition to supportive care is the first line of treatment for arterial gas embolism. In this article, we will review the pathophysiology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of gas embolism.
气体栓塞是指气体从静脉、动脉或两者进入循环系统，这是一种潜在的严重甚至致命的情况。气体栓塞的两个主要原因是医源性和潜水。气体进入的部位以及体征和症状可区分动脉栓塞和静脉栓塞。进入的气体可能是空气，但也可能是二氧化碳或其他气体，尤其是在医源性栓塞中。支持性护理是静脉气体栓塞的主要治疗方法，而除支持性护理外，高压氧治疗是动脉气体栓塞的一线治疗方法。在本文中，我们将综述气体栓塞的病理生理学、病因、诊断和治疗。
