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农业健康研究中持证农药施用者的神经症状。

Neurologic symptoms in licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study.

作者信息

Kamel F, Engel L S, Gladen B C, Hoppin J A, Alavanja M C R, Sandler D P

机构信息

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.

出版信息

Hum Exp Toxicol. 2007 Mar;26(3):243-50. doi: 10.1177/0960327107070582.

Abstract

Exposure to high levels of many pesticides has both acute and long-term neurologic consequences, but little is known about the neurotoxicity of chronic exposure to moderate pesticide levels. We analysed cross-sectional data from 18 782 Caucasian, male, licensed pesticide applicators, enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study from 1993 to 1997. Applicators provided information on lifetime pesticide use, and 23 neurologic symptoms typically associated with pesticide intoxication. Increased risk of experiencing >/=10 symptoms during the year before enrollment was associated with cumulative pesticide use, personally mixing or applying pesticides, pesticide-related medical care, diagnosed pesticide poisoning, and events involving high personal pesticide exposure. Greatest risk was associated with use of organophosphate and organochlorine insecticides. Results were similar after stratification by pesticide use during the year before enrollment, or exclusion of applicators with a history of pesticide poisoning, or high-exposure events. Use of pesticide application methods likely to involve high personal exposure was associated with greater risk. Groups of symptoms reflecting several neurologic domains, including affect, cognition, autonomic and motor function, and vision, were also associated with pesticide exposure. These results suggest that neurologic symptoms are associated with cumulative exposure to moderate levels of organophosphate and organochlorine insecticides, regardless of recent exposure or history of poisoning.

摘要

接触高剂量的多种杀虫剂会产生急性和长期的神经学后果,但对于长期接触中等剂量杀虫剂的神经毒性却知之甚少。我们分析了1993年至1997年参与农业健康研究的18782名白人男性持牌农药施用者的横断面数据。施用者提供了终生农药使用情况以及23种通常与农药中毒相关的神经学症状的信息。在入组前一年出现≥10种症状的风险增加与累积农药使用、亲自混合或施用农药、与农药相关的医疗护理、诊断出的农药中毒以及涉及高个人农药暴露的事件有关。最大风险与有机磷和有机氯杀虫剂的使用有关。在按入组前一年的农药使用情况分层、排除有农药中毒史或高暴露事件的施用者后,结果相似。使用可能涉及高个人暴露的农药施用方法与更高风险相关。反映多个神经学领域(包括情感、认知、自主和运动功能以及视觉)的症状组也与农药暴露有关。这些结果表明,神经学症状与累积接触中等剂量的有机磷和有机氯杀虫剂有关,无论近期暴露情况或中毒史如何。

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