Adams Jennifer R, Lucash Chris, Schutte Leslie, Waits Lisette P
Department of Fish and Wildlife, University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources, Moscow, Idaho 83844-1136, USA.
Mol Ecol. 2007 May;16(9):1823-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03270.x.
Hybridization with coyotes (Canis latrans) continues to threaten the recovery of endangered red wolves (Canis rufus) in North Carolina and requires the development of new strategies to detect and remove coyotes and hybrids. Here, we combine a spatially targeted faecal collection strategy with a previously published reference genotype data filtering method and a genetic test for coyote ancestry to screen portions of the red wolf experimental population area for the presence of nonred wolf canids. We also test the accuracy of our maximum-likelihood assignment test for identifying hybrid individuals using eight microsatellite loci instead of the original 18 loci and compare its performance to the Bayesian approach implemented in newhybrids. We obtained faecal DNA genotypes for 89 samples, 73 of which were matched to 23 known individuals. The performance of two sampling strategies - comprehensive sweep and opportunistic spot-check was evaluated. The opportunistic spot-check sampling strategy required less effort than the comprehensive sweep sampling strategy but identified fewer individuals. Six hybrids or coyotes were detected and five of these individuals were subsequently captured and removed from the population. The accuracy and power of the genetic test for coyote ancestry is decreased when using eight loci; however, nonred wolf canids are identified with high frequency. This combination of molecular and traditional field-based approaches has great potential for addressing the challenge of hybridization in other species and ecosystems.
与郊狼（犬属）杂交持续威胁着北卡罗来纳州濒危红狼（犬属）的种群恢复，因此需要制定新策略来检测和清除郊狼及杂交个体。在此，我们将空间靶向粪便收集策略与先前发表的参考基因型数据过滤方法以及郊狼血统基因检测相结合，以筛查红狼实验种群区域的部分区域，寻找非红狼犬科动物的踪迹。我们还使用八个微卫星位点而非原来的18个位点，测试了我们用于识别杂交个体的最大似然分配检验的准确性，并将其性能与newhybrids中实施的贝叶斯方法进行比较。我们获得了89个样本的粪便DNA基因型，其中73个与23个已知个体匹配。评估了两种采样策略——全面扫描和机会性抽查的性能。机会性抽查采样策略比全面扫描采样策略所需的工作量少，但识别出的个体较少。检测到6只杂交个体或郊狼，其中5只随后被捕获并从种群中清除。使用八个位点时，郊狼血统基因检测的准确性和效能会降低；然而，非红狼犬科动物的识别频率很高。这种分子方法与传统实地方法相结合，在应对其他物种和生态系统中的杂交挑战方面具有巨大潜力。
