Engkilde Kåre, Menné Torkil, Johansen Jeanne Duus
National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2007 May;42(5):572-6. doi: 10.1080/00365520600999334.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has previously been investigated with relation to allergic conditions; however, diverging results were found and there are only a few small studies focusing on delayed hypersensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there was an association between contact allergy (CA), which is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction of the skin, and IBD.
A database consisting of a cohort of 13,315 patients, patch tested between 1985 and 2003, was linked with the Danish National Patient Registry using a unique personal identifier number. The patients were patch tested at a dermatology department with a long history of research in CA. By record linking with the Danish National Patient Registry, patients were identified who had either an International Classification of Disease (ICD) code for Crohn's disease (CD) or an ICD code for ulcerative colitis (UC) diagnosis. Using logistic regression, with the result of the patch test as the dependent variable, we calculated the odds ratios for IBD, CD and UC, adjusted for gender and age.
An inverse association between CA and IBD was found, odds ratio adjusted for age and gender 0.71 (CI 95% 0.53-0.94), which is mainly the result of an inverse association between CA and CD, odds ratio adjusted for age and gender 0.42 (CI 95% 0.23-0.76).
The association found between CA and IBD might be related to shared genetic factors or common environmental determinates. It may also be that having either disease result in skewness of the immune system might lead to an inverse disease association.
先前已对炎症性肠病（IBD）与过敏状况的关系进行了研究；然而，研究结果存在分歧，且仅有少数小型研究关注迟发型超敏反应。本研究的目的是调查皮肤IV型超敏反应性接触性过敏（CA）与IBD之间是否存在关联。
使用唯一的个人识别码，将一个由1985年至2003年间接受斑贴试验的13315名患者组成的队列数据库与丹麦国家患者登记处相链接。这些患者在一个在接触性过敏方面有悠久研究历史的皮肤科进行了斑贴试验。通过与丹麦国家患者登记处的记录链接，识别出患有克罗恩病（CD）国际疾病分类（ICD）编码或溃疡性结肠炎（UC）诊断ICD编码的患者。以斑贴试验结果作为因变量，采用逻辑回归分析，我们计算了IBD、CD和UC的优势比，并对性别和年龄进行了调整。
发现CA与IBD之间存在负相关，调整年龄和性别后的优势比为0.71（95%置信区间0.53 - 0.94），这主要是CA与CD之间负相关的结果，调整年龄和性别后的优势比为0.42（95%置信区间0.23 - 0.76）。
CA与IBD之间的关联可能与共同的遗传因素或共同的环境决定因素有关。也可能是患有这两种疾病中的任何一种导致免疫系统失衡，进而可能导致疾病的负相关。
