Blackwood Evelyn
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Cult Health Sex. 2007 May-Jun;9(3):293-307. doi: 10.1080/13691050601120589.
This paper examines changes in the regulation of sexuality in Indonesia in the period since 1980 as seen through state, religious and lesbian and gay activist discourses on sexuality. Three different eras during that period of Indonesian history are compared. Under the New Order regime of Suharto, the Indonesian state sought to control sexuality through a deployment of gender. During the 1990s, state Islamic discourses of sexuality shifted in response to international pressures to support same-sex marriage and sexual rights. During the third period following the end of the Suharto regime in 1998, a conservative Islamic minority pushed for more restrictive laws in the State Penal Code, initiating intense public debate on the role of the state in questions of sexuality and morality. Over this time period, the dominant discourse on sexuality moved from strategically linking normative gender with heterosexuality and marriage to direct attempts to legislate heterosexual marriage by criminalizing a wide range of sexual practices.
本文通过国家、宗教以及女同性恋和男同性恋维权话语对性取向的讨论，审视了1980年以来印度尼西亚性取向监管方面的变化。对印度尼西亚历史上这一时期的三个不同阶段进行了比较。在苏哈托的新秩序政权下，印度尼西亚国家试图通过性别部署来控制性取向。在20世纪90年代，国家关于性取向的伊斯兰话语发生转变，以回应支持同性婚姻和性权利的国际压力。在1998年苏哈托政权结束后的第三个阶段，保守的伊斯兰少数群体推动在《国家刑法典》中制定更严格的法律，引发了关于国家在性取向和道德问题上作用的激烈公众辩论。在这一时期，关于性取向的主导话语从将规范性性别与异性恋和婚姻进行策略性联系，转变为通过将广泛的性行为定为犯罪来直接立法规定异性婚姻。
