Hong S K, Henderson J, Olszowka A, Hurford W E, Falke K J, Qvist J, Radermacher P, Shiraki K, Mohri M, Takeuchi H
Department of Physiology, State University of New York, Buffalo.
Undersea Biomed Res. 1991 Sep-Nov;18(5-6):433-43.
Daily diving patterns and thoracic skin and sea-water temperatures were recorded during the entire work shift of Korean female unassisted (cachido) and Japanese male unassisted and partly assisted (funado) divers using Underwater Physiological Data Loggers developed in Buffalo and Japan. All 3 groups of divers were studied during the summer of 1989 and 1990. Additional studies were conducted during the winter of 1991 on Korean female divers who, unlike Japanese divers, dive all year round. The water temperature of the diving grounds in summer was 24 degrees C in both Korea and Japan, and 10 degrees C during winter in Korea. Both Korean female and Japanese male cachido divers made 113-138 dives a day and stayed in the water a total of 170-200 min.day-1, of which only 52-63 min were spent diving submerged, and the remaining time at the water surface. These diving patterns were not different between female and male cachido divers. Compared with Japanese male divers, Korean female divers dived to a shallower depth (3.7 vs. 6.9 m) with shorter dive time (29 vs. 37 s) and shorter bottom time (14 vs. 18 s). Velocities of descent (0.72 vs. 0.47 m.s-1) and ascent (0.77 vs. 0.56 m.s-1) were also slower in female divers than in male divers. The diving pattern of Korean female divers was similar in both summer and winter. Although all cachido divers wore wet suits and thus were protected from severe cold stress, thoracic skin temperature decreased during a work shift by 7 degrees C in winter (vs. 1 degree C in summer) in Korean divers. Compared with Japanese male cachido divers, Japanese male funado divers stayed in the diving ground (including time in the boat) longer (201 vs. 305 min.day-1) but performed only 23 dives per day. The average diving depth (9.7 m), duration (69 s), and bottom time for each dive (45 s), however, were significantly greater in funados. The velocity of vertical descent (1.0 m.s-1) was also significantly greater in funados because they descend with a weight (8-12 kg). The rate of ascent was not different.
使用在美国布法罗和日本研发的水下生理数据记录器，记录了韩国女性自由潜水员（cachido）、日本男性自由潜水员和部分辅助潜水员（funado）在整个工作班次中的每日潜水模式以及胸部皮肤和海水温度。在1989年和1990年夏天对所有三组潜水员进行了研究。1991年冬天，对全年都潜水的韩国女性潜水员进行了额外研究，她们与日本潜水员不同。韩国和日本夏季潜水场地的水温均为24摄氏度，韩国冬季水温为10摄氏度。韩国女性和日本男性自由潜水员每天潜水113 - 138次，总共在水中停留170 - 200分钟/天，其中只有52 - 63分钟用于水下潜水，其余时间在水面。女性和男性自由潜水员的这些潜水模式没有差异。与日本男性潜水员相比，韩国女性潜水员潜水深度更浅（3.7米对6.9米），潜水时间更短（29秒对37秒），水底停留时间更短（14秒对18秒）。女性潜水员的下潜速度（0.72米/秒对0.47米/秒）和上升速度（0.77米/秒对0.56米/秒）也比男性潜水员慢。韩国女性潜水员在夏季和冬季的潜水模式相似。尽管所有自由潜水员都穿着潜水服，因此免受严重寒冷应激影响，但韩国潜水员在冬季工作班次期间胸部皮肤温度下降7摄氏度（夏季下降1摄氏度）。与日本男性自由潜水员相比，日本男性辅助潜水员在潜水场地（包括在船上的时间）停留时间更长（201分钟/天对305分钟/天），但每天仅潜水23次。然而，辅助潜水员的平均潜水深度（9.7米）、每次潜水的持续时间（69秒）和水底停留时间（45秒）明显更长。辅助潜水员的垂直下潜速度（1.0米/秒）也明显更快，因为他们带着8 - 12千克的重物下潜。上升速度没有差异。
