de Vries Sanne I, Bakker Ingrid, van Mechelen Willem, Hopman-Rock Marijke
Department of Physical Activity and Health, TNO Quality of Life, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Am J Health Promot. 2007 Mar-Apr;21(4 Suppl):312-6. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-21.4s.312.
To examine the association between children's physical activity and factors of the built environment.
Cross-sectional study. Setting. Ten neighborhoods in six cities in the Netherlands.
Four hundred twenty-two children (age range, 6-11 years; 49% male).
Physical activity diary, neighborhood observations, and anthropometric measures.
Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses.
According to univariate analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and highest level of maternal education, physical activity (> or = 3 metabolic equivalents) was significantly (p < .05) associated with the proportion of green space, with the residential density, with the general impression of activity-friendliness of the neighborhood, and with the frequency of certain types of residences (e.g., terraced houses), sports fields, water, dog waste, heavy traffic, and safe walking and cycling conditions (e.g., cycle tracks and 30-km speed zones) in the neighborhood. According to adjusted multivariate analyses, physical activity was best predicted by the frequency of parallel parking spaces in the neighborhood and by the general impression of activity-friendliness of the neighborhood (I2 = 0. 193).
Children's physical activity is associated with certain modifiable factors of the built environment. Longitudinal studies should examine whether there is a causal relationship.
研究儿童身体活动与建成环境因素之间的关联。
横断面研究。地点：荷兰六个城市的十个社区。
422名儿童（年龄范围6至11岁；49%为男性）。
身体活动日记、社区观察和人体测量指标。
单变量和多变量线性回归分析。
在对年龄、性别、体重指数和母亲最高教育水平进行调整的单变量分析中，身体活动（≥3代谢当量）与绿地比例、居住密度、社区活动友好度总体印象、特定类型住宅（如排屋）的频率、运动场、水域、狗粪、繁忙交通以及社区安全步行和骑行条件（如自行车道和30公里限速区）显著相关（p < 0.05）。根据调整后的多变量分析，社区平行停车位的频率和社区活动友好度总体印象对身体活动的预测效果最佳（I2 = 0.193）。
儿童身体活动与建成环境的某些可改变因素相关。纵向研究应检验是否存在因果关系。
