Kruger Judy, Yore Michelle M, Kohl Harold W
Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 May;39(5):788-95. doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3180333efc.
Regular physical activity reduces the risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and some cancers. Physical activity is associated inversely with overweight and obesity prevalence, thus potentially assisting in weight control efforts.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the variability of physical activity levels and their patterns by self-reported weight control status in a nationally representative sample.
Four years of data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to examine leisure-time physical activity patterns (regular, irregular, inactive) and the prevalence of weight control practices (trying to lose, trying to maintain, not trying to lose or maintain) among U.S. adults (N = 9496).
The prevalence of regular physical activity was 32.6% among people trying to lose weight, 37.9% among people trying to maintain weight, and 21.8% among those not trying to lose or maintain weight. Those trying to lose weight were almost three times as likely to be regularly active (vs inactive), and those trying to maintain weight were over three times more likely to be regularly active (vs inactive) than those not trying to lose or maintain weight. The most commonly reported activities among those trying to lose weight were walking (38.3%), yard work (14.5%), biking (12.5%), and running (11.6%).
Despite the importance of physical activity, fewer than half the people trying to lose or maintain weight were regularly active during leisure-time. People trying to lose or maintain weight had a higher likelihood of being regularly active than those not trying to lose or maintain weight. Walking was the most common type of physical activity among all weight control groups. Health promotion efforts should promote increased levels of physical activity among all adults.
规律的体育活动可降低患高血压、2型糖尿病、冠心病、中风及某些癌症的风险。体育活动与超重和肥胖患病率呈负相关，因此可能有助于体重控制。
本文旨在通过全国代表性样本，研究自我报告的体重控制状况与体育活动水平及其模式的变异性。
利用1999 - 2002年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的四年数据，研究美国成年人（N = 9496）的休闲体育活动模式（规律、不规律、不活动）以及体重控制行为（试图减肥、试图维持体重、不试图减肥或维持体重）的患病率。
试图减肥的人群中规律体育活动的患病率为32.6%，试图维持体重的人群中为37.9%，不试图减肥或维持体重的人群中为21.8%。试图减肥的人规律活动（相对于不活动）的可能性几乎是不试图减肥或维持体重者的三倍，试图维持体重的人规律活动（相对于不活动）的可能性是不试图减肥或维持体重者的三倍多。试图减肥的人群中最常报告的活动是步行（38.3%）、庭院劳作（14.5%）、骑自行车（12.5%）和跑步（11.6%）。
尽管体育活动很重要，但试图减肥或维持体重的人群中，只有不到一半的人在休闲时间规律地进行体育活动。试图减肥或维持体重的人比不试图减肥或维持体重的人有更高的规律活动可能性。步行是所有体重控制组中最常见的体育活动类型。健康促进措施应促进所有成年人增加体育活动水平。
