Hautalahti Outi, Renko Marjo, Tapiainen Terhi, Kontiokari Tero, Pokka Tytti, Uhari Matti
Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007 May;26(5):423-7. doi: 10.1097/01.inf.0000259956.21859.dd.
Xylitol administered regularly 5 times a day after each meal is successful in preventing acute otitis media (AOM) in children, but if given only during respiratory infections it is ineffective against AOM. To find a more convenient dosing regimen, we tested whether xylitol administered 3 times a day reduces the occurrence of AOM.
In this 3-month randomized, double-blind trial, 663 healthy day care children were randomized to receive either a control product (n = 331) or xylitol (n = 332). Xylitol was given in chewing gum or in a mixture 3 times a day, the daily dose being 0.5 g in the control group and 9.6 g in the xylitol group. The occurrence of the first AOM diagnosed during any period of respiratory symptoms during the follow-up was the main outcome measure.
At least one AOM episode was diagnosed in 98 of the 331 children who received control products (30%) and in 94 of the 332 who received xylitol products (28%). A total of 142 episodes of AOM were diagnosed in the control group compared with 156 in the xylitol group. The differences were not statistically significant.
Xylitol given regularly 3 times a day for 3 months during the respiratory infection season failed to prevent AOM.
每天饭后规律服用5次木糖醇可成功预防儿童急性中耳炎（AOM），但仅在呼吸道感染期间服用则对AOM无效。为了找到更方便的给药方案，我们测试了每天服用3次木糖醇是否能减少AOM的发生。
在这项为期3个月的随机双盲试验中，663名健康的日托儿童被随机分为两组，分别接受对照产品（n = 331）或木糖醇（n = 332）。木糖醇以口香糖或混合物的形式每天服用3次，对照组的日剂量为0.5 g，木糖醇组为9.6 g。主要观察指标是随访期间任何呼吸道症状发作期首次诊断出的AOM。
在接受对照产品的331名儿童中，有98名（30%）被诊断出至少有一次AOM发作；在接受木糖醇产品的332名儿童中，有94名（28%）被诊断出至少有一次AOM发作。对照组共诊断出142次AOM发作，木糖醇组为156次。差异无统计学意义。
在呼吸道感染季节，每天规律服用3次木糖醇，持续3个月，未能预防AOM。
