Fronczek R, van der Zande W L M, van Dijk J G, Overeem S, Lammers G J
Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Neurologie en Klinische Neurofysiologie, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC Leiden.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2007 Apr 14;151(15):856-61.
The 5 classic symptoms of narcolepsy are excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations and disturbed nocturnal sleep. The presence of cataplexy is strongly associated with a deficiency of the neuropeptide hypocretin. This discovery has led to new diagnostic subclassifications: narcolepsy without cataplexy, which can be demonstrated by a multiple sleep latency test, and narcolepsy with cataplexy, which can be confirmed with a multiple sleep latency test or a cerebrospinal fluid deficiency of hypocretin I. Various treatment options are available, including psychostimulants and gamma hydroxybuterate.
发作性睡病的5种典型症状为日间过度嗜睡、猝倒、睡眠瘫痪、入睡前幻觉和夜间睡眠障碍。猝倒的出现与神经肽下丘脑分泌素缺乏密切相关。这一发现导致了新的诊断亚分类：无猝倒发作性睡病，可通过多次睡眠潜伏期试验证实；有猝倒发作性睡病，可通过多次睡眠潜伏期试验或脑脊液下丘脑分泌素I缺乏来确诊。有多种治疗选择，包括精神振奋药和γ-羟基丁酸。
