Nagai H, Shibata H, Haga H, Ueno M, Suyama Y, Yasumura S, Matsuzaki T, Sakihara S, Taira K
Department of Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1991 Nov;38(11):853-8.
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship of chewing ability to nutrient and food intakes in the community elderly. Subjects consisted of 145 elderly residents (56 males, 89 females) ranging in age from 65 to 79 years, living at home in a village of Okinawa Prefecture. Chewing ability was divided into two categories: being able to chew ordinary foods was defined as "good", and being able to chew only soft foods as "bad". To determine quantitative food intakes 24-hour dietary records were utilized which were confirmed by nutritionists during interviews. Good chewing ability was found in 82.1% for males and 83.1% for females with no statistically significant difference concerning age or sex. Teeth status was significantly related to chewing ability. For both males and females, protein intake was lower in the group with bad chewing ability than in the good group. Only in males intakes of total energy, fats, Ca, and Fe were lower in the group with bad chewing ability. Concerning food items, intakes of dark green and yellow vegetables and fat in males, and intake of rice in females, were lower in the group with bad chewing ability.
本研究的目的是调查社区老年人咀嚼能力与营养及食物摄入量之间的关系。研究对象为冲绳县某村庄的145名居家老年居民（男性56名，女性89名），年龄在65至79岁之间。咀嚼能力分为两类：能够咀嚼普通食物定义为“良好”，只能咀嚼软食定义为“较差”。为确定食物摄入量的定量数据，采用了24小时饮食记录，并在营养师访谈期间进行了确认。男性咀嚼能力良好的比例为82.1%，女性为83.1%，在年龄或性别方面无统计学显著差异。牙齿状况与咀嚼能力显著相关。对于男性和女性而言，咀嚼能力较差组的蛋白质摄入量均低于咀嚼能力良好组。仅在男性中，咀嚼能力较差组的总能量、脂肪、钙和铁摄入量较低。关于食物种类，男性中深绿色和黄色蔬菜及脂肪的摄入量，以及女性中大米的摄入量，在咀嚼能力较差组中较低。
