Henry C Jeya K, Woo Jean, Lightowler Helen J, Yip Ricky, Lee Roselle, Hui Elsie, Shing Sandra, Seyoum Teodros A
Nutrition and Food Science Group, School of Biological and Molecular Sciences Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane Campus OX3 0BP Headington, Oxford, UK.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2003 Jul;54(4):321-7. doi: 10.1080/0963748031000148718.
The present study investigated the effect of natural food flavours on food and nutrient intake in hospitalized elderly patients in Hong Kong. Food intake was directly measured for breakfast, lunch and dinner over five consecutive days -- two control days and three experimental days. For the three experimental days, six natural food flavours, based on familiarity of use and wide acceptance to the patient population, were added to each standard lunch and dinner meal. Each food item provided to each patient was weighed before and after consumption. Fourteen elderly subjects (>/=65 years; seven males) from Shatin Hospital in Hong Kong participated in the study. The use of natural food flavours in the hospitalized elderly promoted increased food and macronutrient intakes. Total food, energy and fat intakes on day 3 were significantly increased (P=0.037, P=0.008 and P=0.019, respectively). Although total energy and protein intakes were increased by 13-26% and 15-28%, respectively, nutrient intakes remained low compared with requirements. Findings from this pilot study suggest a role for natural food flavours in the elderly. Whether food and nutrient intakes would have shown an increase in the absence of any intervention could not be determined. Further work to investigate the long-term effect of natural food flavours on food and nutrient intakes in the elderly is required.
本研究调查了天然食用香料对香港住院老年患者食物及营养摄入的影响。连续五天直接测量早餐、午餐和晚餐的食物摄入量，其中包括两天对照日和三天实验日。在三天实验日中，根据使用的熟悉程度以及患者群体的广泛接受度，在每份标准午餐和晚餐中添加六种天然食用香料。提供给每位患者的每种食物在食用前后均进行称重。来自香港沙田医院的14名老年受试者（≥65岁；7名男性）参与了该研究。在住院老年人中使用天然食用香料可促进食物和常量营养素摄入量的增加。第3天的食物、能量和脂肪总摄入量显著增加（分别为P = 0.037、P = 0.008和P = 0.019）。尽管能量和蛋白质总摄入量分别增加了13 - 26%和15 - 28%，但与需求量相比，营养摄入量仍然较低。这项初步研究的结果表明天然食用香料对老年人有一定作用。无法确定在没有任何干预的情况下食物和营养摄入量是否会增加。需要进一步开展工作来研究天然食用香料对老年人食物和营养摄入的长期影响。
