Greco Karen
RN to BSN Program, Oregon Health & Science University School of Nursing, Portland, Oregon 97239-2941, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 2007 Feb;21(2 Suppl Nurse Ed):29-38; discussion 39.
About 6% of colorectal cancers are caused by genetic mutations associated with hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes. The most common hereditary cancer syndromes nurses are likely to encounter include hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer or Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis, and MYH polyposis. Current colorectal cancer recommendations for risk management, screening, and surveillance are complex and based on level of colorectal cancer risk and whether an individual carries a genetic mutation associated with a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome. Caring for patients with hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes requires nurses to understand how to identify individuals and families at risk for hereditary colorectal cancer, refer to appropriate resources, and provide accurate information regarding screening, surveillance, and management. Nurses play a critical role in assessing colorectal cancer risk, obtaining an accurate family history of cancer, and providing information concerning appropriate cancer screening and surveillance.
约6%的结直肠癌由与遗传性结直肠癌综合征相关的基因突变引起。护士可能遇到的最常见的遗传性癌症综合征包括遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌或林奇综合征、家族性腺瘤性息肉病、弱化型家族性腺瘤性息肉病和MYH息肉病。目前关于结直肠癌风险管理、筛查和监测的建议很复杂，基于结直肠癌风险水平以及个体是否携带与遗传性结直肠癌综合征相关的基因突变。护理患有遗传性结直肠癌综合征的患者要求护士了解如何识别有遗传性结直肠癌风险的个体和家庭，转介至适当的资源，并提供有关筛查、监测和管理的准确信息。护士在评估结直肠癌风险、获取准确的癌症家族史以及提供有关适当的癌症筛查和监测的信息方面发挥着关键作用。
