Park Seong Joo, Yoon Jerng Chang, Shin Kwang-Soo, Kim Eung Ho, Yim Soobin, Cho Yeon-Je, Sung Gi Moon, Lee Dong-Geun, Kim Seung Bum, Lee Dong-Uk, Woo Sung-Hoon, Koopman Ben
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Daejeon University, Daejeon 300-716, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol. 2007 Apr;45(2):113-21.
The bacterial diversity inherent to the biofilm community structure of a modified rotating biological contactor wastewater treatment process, referred to as the Rotating Activated Bacillus Contactor (RABC) process, was characterized in this study, via both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. On the basis of culture-dependent methods, Bacillus sp. were found to exist in large numbers on the biofilm (6.5% of the heterotrophic bacteria) and the microbial composition of the biofilms was quite simple. Only three phyla were identified-namely, the Proteobacteria, the Actinobacteria (High G+C Gram-positive bacteria), and the Firmicutes (Low G+C Gram-positive bacteria). The culture-independent partial 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed a considerably more diverse microbial composition within the biofilms. A total of eight phyla were recovered in this case, three of which were major groups: the Firmicutes (43.9%), the Proteobacteria (28.6%), and the Bacteroidetes (17.6%). The remaining five phyla were minor groups: the Planctomycetes (4.4%), the Chlorobi (2.2%), the Actinobacteria (1.1%), the Nitrospirae (1.1%), and the Verrucomicrobia (1.1%). The two most abundant genera detected were the endospore-forming bacteria (31.8%), Clostridium and Bacillus, both of which are members of the Firmicutes phylum. This finding indicates that these endospore-forming bacteria successfully colonized and dominated the RABC process biofilms. Many of the colonies or clones recovered from the biofilms evidenced significantly high homology in the 16S rDNA sequences of bacteria stored in databases associated with advanced wastewater treatment capabilities, including nitrification and denitrification, phosphorus accumulation, the removal of volatile odors, and the removal of chlorohydrocarbons or heavy metals. The microbial community structures observed in the biofilms were found to correlate nicely with the enhanced performance of advanced wastewater treatment protocols.
本研究通过依赖培养和不依赖培养的方法，对一种改良的旋转生物接触器废水处理工艺（称为旋转活性芽孢杆菌接触器，即RABC工艺）生物膜群落结构中固有的细菌多样性进行了表征。基于依赖培养的方法，发现芽孢杆菌属在生物膜中大量存在（占异养细菌的6.5%），且生物膜的微生物组成相当简单。仅鉴定出三个门，即变形菌门、放线菌门（高G+C革兰氏阳性菌）和厚壁菌门（低G+C革兰氏阳性菌）。不依赖培养的16S rDNA序列部分分析显示，生物膜内的微生物组成要丰富得多。在这种情况下，共发现了八个门，其中三个是主要类群：厚壁菌门（43.9%）、变形菌门（28.6%）和拟杆菌门（17.6%）。其余五个门是次要类群：浮霉菌门（4.4%）、绿弯菌门（2.2%）、放线菌门（1.1%）、硝化螺旋菌门（1.1%）和疣微菌门（1.1%）。检测到的两个最丰富的属是产芽孢细菌（31.8%），梭菌属和芽孢杆菌属，它们都是厚壁菌门的成员。这一发现表明，这些产芽孢细菌成功地在RABC工艺生物膜中定殖并占据主导地位。从生物膜中回收的许多菌落或克隆在与先进废水处理能力相关的数据库中存储的细菌16S rDNA序列中显示出显著的高同源性，这些能力包括硝化和反硝化、磷积累、挥发性气味去除以及氯代烃或重金属去除。生物膜中观察到的微生物群落结构与先进废水处理方案的增强性能密切相关。
