Kim Soo-Ki, Lee Jun-Hyeong, Lee Chi-Ho, Yoon Yoh-Chang
Department of Animal Sciences and Environment, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol. 2007 Apr;45(2):128-32.
The red yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (previously named Phaffia rhodozyma) produces astaxanthin pigment among many carotenoids. The mutant X. dendrorhous G276 was isolated by chemical mutagenesis. The mutant produced about 2.0 mg of carotenoid per g of yeast cell dry weight and 8.0 mg/L of carotenoid after 5 days batch culture with YM media; in comparison, the parent strain produced 0.66 mg/g of yeast cell dry weight and a carotenoid concentration of 4.5 mg/L. We characterized the utilization of carbon sources by the mutant strain and screened various edible plant extracts to enhance the carotenoid production. The addition of Perilla frutescens (final concentration, 5%) or Allium fistulosum extracts (final concentration, 1%) enhanced the pigment production to about 32 mg/L. In a batch fermentor, addition of Perilla frutescens extract reduced the cultivation time by two days compared to control (no extract), which usually required five-day incubation to fully produce astaxanthin. The results suggest that plant extracts such as Perilla frutescens can effectively enhance astaxanthin production.
红酵母Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous（以前称为红发夫酵母Phaffia rhodozyma）在众多类胡萝卜素中产生虾青素色素。通过化学诱变分离出突变体X. dendrorhous G276。该突变体在使用YM培养基进行5天分批培养后，每克酵母细胞干重产生约2.0毫克类胡萝卜素，培养基中类胡萝卜素浓度为8.0毫克/升；相比之下，亲本菌株每克酵母细胞干重产生0.66毫克类胡萝卜素，类胡萝卜素浓度为4.5毫克/升。我们对突变菌株利用碳源的情况进行了表征，并筛选了各种可食用植物提取物以提高类胡萝卜素产量。添加紫苏（终浓度5%）或葱提取物（终浓度1%）可将色素产量提高到约32毫克/升。在分批发酵罐中，与对照（不添加提取物，通常需要五天培养才能完全产生虾青素）相比，添加紫苏提取物可将培养时间缩短两天。结果表明，紫苏等植物提取物可有效提高虾青素产量。
