Rance Gary, Barker Elizabeth, Mok Mansze, Dowell Richard, Rincon Amanda, Garratt Rose
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Ear Hear. 2007 Jun;28(3):351-60. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3180479404.
To evaluate the effect of background noise on speech perception in children with auditory neuropathy/dys-synchrony (AN/AD) type hearing loss.
Open and closed-set speech perception abilities were assessed in 12 school-age children who had been diagnosed with AN/AD in infancy. Data were also obtained from a cohort of subjects with sensorineural (SN) hearing loss and from a group of normal-hearing children.
Closed-set speech understanding was more affected by the presence of a competing signal in the hearing impaired than in the normal-hearing subjects. The mean S/N ratio required to identify a spondee in noise was -11.5 +/- 2.0 dB for the normal group, whereas the ratio required for the SN group was -5.4 +/- 5.1 dB and for the AN/AD group was -2.5 +/- 4.7 dB. Closed-set perception in noise was not significantly different for the AN/AD children and their SN counterparts although there was a trend toward poorer performance in the AN/AD group. The effect of background noise on open-set speech perception was also similar across hearing-impaired subjects although again, the AN/AD cohort tended to show greater difficulties in noise than their SN peers.
Listening in background noise was more difficult for our group of children with AN/AD-type hearing loss than for their normal-hearing peers. However, the noise effects were not consistent across subjects and some children demonstrated reasonable perceptual ability at low signal-to-noise ratios. The ways in which speech understanding is affected by competing signals may be different for different types of hearing deficit, but the results of this investigation indicate that significant perceptual disruption occurs both in children with auditory neuropathy/dys-synchrony and sensorineural type hearing loss.
评估背景噪声对听觉神经病/失同步（AN/AD）型听力损失儿童言语感知的影响。
对12名在婴儿期被诊断为AN/AD的学龄儿童进行开放式和封闭式言语感知能力评估。还从一组感音神经性（SN）听力损失受试者和一组听力正常儿童中获取了数据。
与听力正常的受试者相比，有竞争信号时，听力受损者的封闭式言语理解受到的影响更大。正常组在噪声中识别一个扬扬格词所需的平均信噪比为-11.5±2.0dB，而SN组所需的信噪比为-5.4±5.1dB，AN/AD组为-2.5±4.7dB。尽管AN/AD组有表现较差的趋势，但AN/AD儿童与其SN组对应者在噪声中的封闭式感知没有显著差异。背景噪声对开放式言语感知的影响在听力受损受试者中也相似，不过同样，AN/AD组在噪声中往往比其SN同龄人表现出更大的困难。
对于我们这组AN/AD型听力损失儿童来说，在背景噪声中聆听比他们听力正常的同龄人更困难。然而，噪声影响在受试者之间并不一致，一些儿童在低信噪比下表现出合理的感知能力。不同类型的听力缺陷，言语理解受竞争信号影响的方式可能不同，但本研究结果表明，听觉神经病/失同步儿童和感音神经性听力损失儿童都会出现明显的感知障碍。
