Gállego Pérez-Larraya J, Toledo J B, Urrestarazu E, Iriarte J
Unidad de Sueño, Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona.
An Sist Sanit Navar. 2007;30 Suppl 1:19-36.
Sleep disorders are frequent processes, both as a symptom associated with other diseases and as independent disorders. However, only in the last 4 decades has Sleep medicine gained its position among the medical specialties. In fact, it was only in these years that significant advances were obtained in the study of the etiology and treatment of these disorders. Similarly, the different classifications have been evolving over the years. First, they were based upon the clinical symptom; later on, more emphasis was given to the diseases. Finally, in 2005, the new classification was once again based on the symptoms. More than 90 disorders are listed in this latest classification, and an attempt is made to include the symptoms and the diseases of sleep, as well as those in which sleep disorders are fundamental. It is essential to have a clear idea of this complete classification of sleep disorders in order to deal with these patients appropriately.
睡眠障碍是常见的情况，既作为与其他疾病相关的症状，也作为独立的疾病。然而，仅在过去40年里，睡眠医学才在医学专科中确立了其地位。事实上，也正是在这些年里，在这些疾病的病因学和治疗研究方面取得了重大进展。同样，不同的分类多年来一直在演变。起初，它们基于临床症状；后来，更多地强调了疾病。最后，在2005年，新的分类再次基于症状。最新分类列出了90多种疾病，并试图纳入睡眠的症状和疾病，以及那些以睡眠障碍为根本的疾病。为了恰当地治疗这些患者，清楚了解睡眠障碍的这一完整分类至关重要。
