[Etiology and diagnostics of headaches and facial pain from the neurological point of view].

Headaches are one of the most frequent outpatient complaints. Patients may describe a symptom indicating an underlying disease, which can range from an ordinary indisposition to a medical emergency. Despite these secondary headaches, there exist idiopathic forms, such as migraine and tension type headaches, which represent the most common types. In order to develop a specific treatment, the diagnosis of headaches and the knowledge of their etiology are very important for physicians. While headaches remain a neurological domain, facial pain syndromes are often seen and treated in other medical fields. Here clinically important facial pain syndromes are reported from a neurological point of view.