Hiitola P K, Enlund H, Sulkava R O, Hartikainen S A
Department of Social Pharmacy, University of Kuopio, Finland.
J Clin Pharm Ther. 2007 Jun;32(3):253-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2007.00819.x.
The aim of this population-based cohort study was to examine the changes in the regular use of cardiovascular medication among the elderly aged 75 years or more in Finland in 1998 and 2003.
The study population (n = 700) was a random sample of all persons aged 75 years or more living in Kuopio, in eastern Finland. Of them, 601 persons participated in 1998. The surviving persons (n = 339) were re-examined in 2003. Of them 85% (n = 289) were home-dwelling and 15% (n = 50) lived in institutional care. Data on their use of medication and their physical and mental health was collected from interviews conducted by trained nurses.
From 1998 to 2003 regular use of one or more cardiovascular medicine increased from 80% to 87% among all the survivors (n = 339, P < 0.001). The mean number of regularly used cardiovascular medicines increased from 2.1 (95% CI 1.9-2.3) to 2.7 (95% CI 2.5-2.9, P < 0.001) during the follow-up period. The most commonly used cardiovascular medicines were beta-blocking agents. The proportion of users of beta-blocking agents was in 1998 45% and in 2003 51%. The proportion of users of diuretics increased from 27% to 40% (P < 0.001), users of cardiac therapy from 35% to 43% (P < 0.001), users of ACE inhibitors and AT 1 receptor antagonists from 20% to 30% (P < 0.001) and users of lipid modifying agents from 7% to 12%.
The use of cardiovascular medicines was common among elderly persons. The proportion of users increased with age and over time. A large proportion of elderly persons would need medication monitoring focusing on cardiovascular medication.
这项基于人群的队列研究旨在调查1998年和2003年芬兰75岁及以上老年人常规使用心血管药物的变化情况。
研究人群（n = 700）是从芬兰东部库奥皮奥所有75岁及以上的人中随机抽取的样本。其中，601人在1998年参与了研究。存活的人（n = 339）在2003年接受了重新检查。其中85%（n = 289）居家生活，15%（n = 50）住在机构护理机构。通过训练有素的护士进行访谈，收集了他们使用药物以及身心健康状况的数据。
从1998年到2003年，所有幸存者（n = 339）中常规使用一种或多种心血管药物的比例从80%增加到了87%（P < 0.001）。在随访期间，常规使用的心血管药物的平均数量从2.1（95%可信区间1.9 - 2.3）增加到了2.7（95%可信区间2.5 - 2.9，P < 0.001）。最常用的心血管药物是β受体阻滞剂。1998年β受体阻滞剂使用者的比例为45%，2003年为51%。利尿剂使用者的比例从27%增加到40%（P < 0.001），心脏治疗药物使用者的比例从35%增加到43%（P < 0.001），ACE抑制剂和AT1受体拮抗剂使用者的比例从20%增加到30%（P < 0.001），调脂药物使用者的比例从7%增加到12%。
心血管药物在老年人中使用普遍。使用者比例随年龄增长和时间推移而增加。很大一部分老年人需要针对心血管药物的用药监测。
