Bach Dominik R, Schächinger Hartmut, Neuhoff John G, Esposito Fabrizio, Di Salle Francesco, Lehmann Christoph, Herdener Marcus, Scheffler Klaus, Seifritz Erich
University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland.
Cereb Cortex. 2008 Jan;18(1):145-50. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm040. Epub 2007 May 8.
Human subjects overestimate the change of rising intensity sounds compared with falling intensity sounds. Rising sound intensity has therefore been proposed to be an intrinsic warning cue. In order to test this hypothesis, we presented rising, falling, and constant intensity sounds to healthy humans and gathered psychophysiological and behavioral responses. Brain activity was measured using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that rising compared with falling sound intensity facilitates autonomic orienting reflex and phasic alertness to auditory targets. Rising intensity sounds produced neural activity in the amygdala, which was accompanied by activity in intraparietal sulcus, superior temporal sulcus, and temporal plane. Our results indicate that rising sound intensity is an elementary warning cue eliciting adaptive responses by recruiting attentional and physiological resources. Regions involved in cross-modal integration were activated by rising sound intensity, while the right-hemisphere phasic alertness network could not be supported by this study.
与强度下降的声音相比，人类受试者高估了强度上升的声音的变化。因此，声音强度上升被认为是一种内在的警告信号。为了验证这一假设，我们向健康受试者呈现了强度上升、下降和恒定的声音，并收集了心理生理和行为反应。使用事件相关功能磁共振成像测量大脑活动。我们发现，与强度下降的声音相比，强度上升的声音有助于自主定向反射和对听觉目标的阶段性警觉。强度上升的声音在杏仁核中产生神经活动，同时伴有顶内沟、颞上沟和颞平面的活动。我们的结果表明，声音强度上升是一种基本的警告信号，通过调动注意力和生理资源引发适应性反应。参与跨模态整合的区域被声音强度上升激活，而本研究无法支持右半球阶段性警觉网络。
