使用临床设备在小动物中进行经胸超声心动图检查的可重复性。

Reproducibility of transthoracic echocardiography in small animals using clinical equipment.

作者信息

Wasmeier Gerald H, Melnychenko Ivan, Voigt Jens-Uwe, Zimmermann Wolfram H, Eschenhagen Thomas, Schineis Nico, Reulbach Udo, Flachskampf Frank A, Daniel Werner G, Nixdorff Uwe

机构信息

2nd Medical Clinic, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.

出版信息

Coron Artery Dis. 2007 Jun;18(4):283-91. doi: 10.1097/MCA.0b013e3280d5a7e3.

DOI:10.1097/MCA.0b013e3280d5a7e3

PMID:17496492

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Transthoracic echocardiography has been employed to assess left ventricular dimensions and function in small animals. The aim of this study was to identify the limits of transthoracic echocardiography in a commonly used Wistar rat model by assessing intraobserver variability, interobserver variability, and day-to-day variability of examinations implying registrations and measurements.

METHODS

Twenty male adult Wistar rats (body weight 496+/-52 g) were examined under volatile isoflurane anesthesia (heart rate 302+/-26 bpm) by transthoracic echocardiography (Sonos 7500; Philips) with a 15 MHz-transducer. For calculation of intraobserver variability, examinations were repeated by the same examiner and for interobserver variability, examinations were performed independently by two investigators. For day-to-day variability, examinations were repeated 14 days later. Left ventricular diameters and areas were analyzed in parasternal short axis and in a modified parasternal long axis. Fractional shortening, area shortening, ejection fraction, stroke volume, and cardiac output were calculated.

RESULTS

Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was 8.9+/-0.6 mm, fractional shortening 39.0+/-5.3%, area shortening 59.6+/-6.1%, ejection fraction 83.3+/-5.1%, stroke volume 0.24+/-0.06 ml, and cardiac output 72.9+/-20.6 ml/min. Intraobserver variability of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, fractional shortening, area shortening, and ejection fraction was less than 10%, increasing to 19% for stroke volume and cardiac output. Interobserver variability of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, fractional shortening, area shortening, ejection fraction was less than 13%, increasing to 23% for stroke volume and 25% for cardiac output. Day-to-day variability of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, area shortening, ejection fraction was less than 11% whereas for stroke volume it was 21% and for cardiac output it was 22%. F-ratio test comparing investigated variabilities did not reveal significant differences.

CONCLUSIONS

M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography in large rats by clinically common high-end ultrasound systems can be assessed reliably. Parameters of global left ventricular performance like stroke volume and cardiac output could not be assessed with similar reliability.

摘要

目的

经胸超声心动图已被用于评估小动物的左心室大小和功能。本研究的目的是通过评估观察者内变异性、观察者间变异性以及涉及记录和测量的检查的每日变异性，来确定经胸超声心动图在常用的Wistar大鼠模型中的局限性。

方法

对20只成年雄性Wistar大鼠（体重496±52 g）在挥发性异氟烷麻醉下（心率302±26次/分钟）进行经胸超声心动图检查（Sonos 7500；飞利浦），使用15 MHz换能器。为计算观察者内变异性，由同一位检查者重复检查；为计算观察者间变异性，由两名研究者独立进行检查。为计算每日变异性，在14天后重复检查。在胸骨旁短轴和改良胸骨旁长轴上分析左心室直径和面积。计算缩短分数、面积缩短率、射血分数、每搏量和心输出量。

结果

左心室舒张末期直径为8.9±0.6 mm，缩短分数为39.0±5.3%，面积缩短率为59.6±6.1%，射血分数为83.3±5.1%，每搏量为0.24±0.06 ml，心输出量为72.9±20.6 ml/分钟。左心室舒张末期直径、缩短分数、面积缩短率和射血分数的观察者内变异性小于10%，每搏量和心输出量的观察者内变异性增至19%。左心室舒张末期直径、缩短分数、面积缩短率、射血分数的观察者间变异性小于13%，每搏量的观察者间变异性增至23%，心输出量的观察者间变异性增至25%。左心室舒张末期直径、面积缩短率、射血分数的每日变异性小于11%，而每搏量的每日变异性为21%，心输出量的每日变异性为22%。比较所研究变异性的F检验未显示出显著差异。