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初级保健机构中老年患者的宗教参与情况与抑郁症状

Religious involvement and depressive symptoms in primary care elders.

作者信息

King D A, Lyness J M, Duberstein P R, He H, Tu X M, Seaburn D B

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.

出版信息

Psychol Med. 2007 Dec;37(12):1807-15. doi: 10.1017/S0033291707000591. Epub 2007 May 14.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Multiple lines of evidence indicate relationships between religious involvement and depression, although the specific nature of the relationships is yet to be clarified. Moreover, there appear to be no well controlled longitudinal studies to date examining this issue in primary care elders.

METHOD

The authors assessed the linear and non-linear relationships between three commonly identified types of religious involvement and observer-rated depressive symptoms in 709 primary care elders assessed at baseline and 1-year follow-up.

RESULTS

Cross-sectional analyses revealed a curvilinear, U-shaped association between depressive symptoms and organizational religious activity, an inverse linear relationship of depressive symptoms with private religious involvement, and a positive relationship of depressive symptoms with intrinsic religiosity. Longitudinal analyses revealed a U-shaped association between depressive symptoms and private religious involvement, such that those reporting moderate levels of private religiosity at baseline evidenced lower levels of depressive symptoms at 1-year follow-up than those reporting either high or low levels of private religious activity.

CONCLUSIONS

The relationships between religious involvement and depression in primary care elders are complex and dependent on the type of religiosity measured. The authors found the strongest evidence for an association of non-organizational, private religious involvement and the severity of depressive symptoms, although further study is warranted using carefully controlled longitudinal designs that test for both linear and curvilinear relationships.

摘要

背景

尽管宗教参与与抑郁症之间关系的具体性质尚待阐明,但多条证据表明了二者之间的联系。此外,迄今为止似乎尚无在初级保健老年人群中研究此问题的严格对照的纵向研究。

方法

作者评估了709名在基线和1年随访时接受评估的初级保健老年人中,三种常见宗教参与类型与观察者评定的抑郁症状之间的线性和非线性关系。

结果

横断面分析显示,抑郁症状与组织性宗教活动之间呈曲线形的U形关联,抑郁症状与个人宗教参与呈负线性关系,抑郁症状与内在宗教信仰呈正相关。纵向分析显示,抑郁症状与个人宗教参与之间呈U形关联,即在基线时报告个人宗教信仰中等水平的人在1年随访时的抑郁症状水平低于报告个人宗教活动高水平或低水平的人。

结论

初级保健老年人中宗教参与与抑郁症之间的关系很复杂,并且取决于所测量的宗教信仰类型。作者发现,非组织性、个人宗教参与与抑郁症状严重程度之间存在关联的证据最为有力,不过仍需采用精心对照的纵向设计进行进一步研究,以检验线性和曲线关系。

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