Kow Lee-Ming, Florea Cristina, Schwanzel-Fukuda Marlene, Devidze Nino, Kami Kia Hosein, Lee Anna, Zhou Jin, Maclaughlin David, Donahoe Patricia, Pfaff Donald
Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Curr Top Dev Biol. 2007;79:37-59. doi: 10.1016/S0070-2153(06)79002-0.
This chapter addresses questions regarding lordosis behavior, the most extremely sexually differentiated behavior that has been analyzed for its neural and molecular mechanisms. Analysis of this behavior has proved for the first time that specific biochemical reactions in specific nerve cell groups in the brain determine a mammalian behavior. Lordosis is done by the female but not by the male. How did the process of sexual differentiation occur? A large literature implicates high levels of testosterone during a critical period during development as being responsible for the defeminization of the brain. A new idea, however, offers the possibility of direct genetic influences independent of testosterone levels themselves. We propose here that Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) and its receptors could constitute an example of a nonandrogenic genetic influence. Further, specific sexual behaviors depend on underlying arousal states in the central nervous system (CNS). We have proposed the concept of generalized CNS arousal and provide information as to how generalized arousal forces interact with specifically sexual influences, thus to facilitate sexually differentiated mating behaviors.
本章探讨有关脊柱前凸行为的问题，这是已对其神经和分子机制进行分析的最具性别差异的性行为。对这种行为的分析首次证明，大脑中特定神经细胞群中的特定生化反应决定了一种哺乳动物行为。脊柱前凸行为由雌性而非雄性做出。性别分化过程是如何发生的？大量文献表明，发育关键期的高水平睾酮导致大脑女性化特征缺失。然而，一个新观点提出了独立于睾酮水平本身的直接基因影响的可能性。我们在此提出，苗勒氏管抑制物质（MIS）及其受体可能构成非雄激素基因影响的一个例子。此外，特定的性行为取决于中枢神经系统（CNS）的潜在唤醒状态。我们提出了广义CNS唤醒的概念，并提供了有关广义唤醒力如何与特定性影响相互作用从而促进性别分化交配行为的信息。
