Shih Ie-Ming
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Ann Diagn Pathol. 2007 Jun;11(3):228-34. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2007.04.001.
Recent histopathologic and molecular studies of trophoblastic cells in the normal placenta and in a variety of trophoblastic diseases have revealed that the latter recapitulate the differentiation of normal trophoblast in the early developing placenta. This new knowledge, especially the identification and characterization of the protein markers expressed in human trophoblast, not only helps elucidate the pathogenesis of trophoblastic lesions but also provides a repertoire of immunohistochemical markers that may facilitate the diagnosis of various trophoblastic diseases. This article reviews the recent advances in the trophoblast-associated markers that have been reported to be useful in the differential diagnosis of trophoblastic tumors and tumorlike lesions. Moreover, a "trophogram," which is a stepwise and rational immunohistochemistry-based approach, will be introduced. The trophogram may prove to be useful in assisting the differential diagnosis of various trophoblastic diseases in diagnostic pathology.
最近对正常胎盘及多种滋养层细胞疾病中滋养层细胞的组织病理学和分子研究表明，后者重现了早期发育胎盘中正常滋养层的分化过程。这一新知识，尤其是对人类滋养层中表达的蛋白质标志物的鉴定和表征，不仅有助于阐明滋养层病变的发病机制，还提供了一系列免疫组化标志物，可能有助于诊断各种滋养层细胞疾病。本文综述了最近报道的在滋养层肿瘤和肿瘤样病变鉴别诊断中有用的滋养层相关标志物的进展。此外，还将介绍一种“滋养层图谱”，这是一种基于免疫组化的逐步且合理的方法。滋养层图谱可能被证明有助于诊断病理学中各种滋养层细胞疾病的鉴别诊断。
