Chesselet Marie-Françoise, Plotkin Joshua L, Wu Nanping, Levine Michael S
Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA.
Prog Brain Res. 2007;160:261-72. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60015-0.
Fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons represent a very small portion of striatal neurons, yet they play a critical role in modulating cortical input and mediating inhibition of striatal medium-sized spiny projection neurons. Considering their pivotal role in the adult striatum, it is of importance to determine when during development these neurons acquire their characteristic properties and function. In this review we describe recent work from our laboratories indicating that fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons are under stronger cortical control than efferent neurons at postnatal day 12 but mature considerably between postnatal days 12-19 in the rat striatum. During this time period, their molecular development is under the control of GABAergic and cholinergic mechanisms. Thus, fast-spiking interneurons are poised to influence striatal function and perhaps development during the postnatal period in rats, and their properties could be influenced by commonly used pharmacological agents during a protracted developmental window. These findings point to the need for future research to better understand the functional maturation of this critical population of striatal GABAergic neurons, and the consequences of abnormal maturation of these cells.
快速发放的γ-氨基丁酸能中间神经元仅占纹状体神经元的很小一部分，但它们在调节皮质输入和介导对纹状体中等大小棘状投射神经元的抑制方面发挥着关键作用。鉴于它们在成年纹状体中的关键作用，确定这些神经元在发育过程中的何时获得其特征性特性和功能非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们实验室最近的研究工作，这些研究表明，在出生后第12天，快速发放的γ-氨基丁酸能中间神经元比传出神经元受到更强的皮质控制，但在大鼠纹状体中，它们在出生后第12 - 19天之间会显著成熟。在此期间，它们的分子发育受γ-氨基丁酸能和胆碱能机制的控制。因此，快速发放的中间神经元在大鼠出生后的时期内可能会影响纹状体功能，甚至可能影响其发育，并且在一个较长的发育窗口期内，它们的特性可能会受到常用药物的影响。这些发现表明，未来的研究需要更好地理解这一关键的纹状体γ-氨基丁酸能神经元群体的功能成熟过程，以及这些细胞异常成熟的后果。
